# Relationship history for MSHA mine 3102187

Current hierarchy: **Brad  Wickham → Brad Wickham's  Top Land Service → Forest City Pit**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** M & C Sand Co. → Forest City Pit; 2002-07-11 to 2002-10-16; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Ishmel  Creson et al → Forest City Pit; 2002-07-11 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Ishmel  Creson et al → M & C Sand Co.; 2002-07-11 to 2002-10-16; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Fred  Manning et al → M & C Sand Co.; 2002-07-11 to 2002-10-16; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Brad Wickham's  Top Land Service → Forest City Pit; 2002-10-17 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Brad  Wickham → Forest City Pit; 2002-10-17 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Brad  Wickham → Brad Wickham's  Top Land Service; 2002-10-17 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history