# Relationship history for MSHA mine 3101708

Current hierarchy: **Thomas E  Chandler → Ccc Sand & Gravel Inc → ROCKINGHAM SAND CO. MINE**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-18T09:31:49.615908+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Rockingham Sand Company Inc → ROCKINGHAM SAND CO. MINE; 1950-01-01 to 2000-02-13; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Claude E  Doyle → ROCKINGHAM SAND CO. MINE; 1950-01-01 to 2000-02-13; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Claude E  Doyle → Rockingham Sand Company Inc; 1950-01-01 to 2000-02-13; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Thomas E  Chandler → ROCKINGHAM SAND CO. MINE; 1992-03-02 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Ccc Sand & Gravel Inc → ROCKINGHAM SAND CO. MINE; 2000-02-14 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Thomas E  Chandler → Ccc Sand & Gravel Inc; 2000-02-14 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history