# Relationship history for MSHA mine 3003954

Current hierarchy: **Gennaro  Cipriano → CIPRIANO EXCAVATION, INC → CATSKILL QUARRY, LLC**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Bill Buck → CATSKILL QUARRY, LLC; 2015-07-09 to 2016-11-01; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** William G Buck Jr → CATSKILL QUARRY, LLC; 2015-07-09 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** William G Buck Jr → Bill Buck; 2015-07-09 to 2016-11-01; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** SANDHU INDUSTRIES INC → CATSKILL QUARRY, LLC; 2016-11-02 to 2023-12-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Tejpal  Sandhu → CATSKILL QUARRY, LLC; 2016-11-02 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Tejpal  Sandhu → SANDHU INDUSTRIES INC; 2016-11-02 to 2023-12-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** CIPRIANO EXCAVATION, INC → CATSKILL QUARRY, LLC; 2024-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Gennaro  Cipriano → CATSKILL QUARRY, LLC; 2024-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Gennaro  Cipriano → CIPRIANO EXCAVATION, INC; 2024-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history