# Relationship history for MSHA mine 3003942

Current hierarchy: **Bradley S  Binns → Bradley S Binns → Binns Excavation & Gravel 2**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-18T09:31:49.615908+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Bradley S  Binns → Binns Excavation & Gravel 2; 2008-07-30 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Bradley S Binns → Binns Excavation & Gravel 2; 2015-04-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Bradley S  Binns → Bradley S Binns; 2015-04-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history