# Relationship history for MSHA mine 3000922

Current hierarchy: **Stephan William H → W H Stephan Sand & Gravel Inc → STEPHAN PIT #3**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Ludlow'S Sand & Gravel Company Inc → STEPHAN PIT #3; 1950-01-01 to 1995-10-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Ludlow James → STEPHAN PIT #3; 1950-01-01 to 1995-10-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Ludlow James → Ludlow'S Sand & Gravel Company Inc; 1950-01-01 to 1995-10-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Stephan William H → STEPHAN PIT #3; 1987-07-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** W H Stephan Sand & Gravel Inc → STEPHAN PIT #3; 1995-11-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Stephan William H → W H Stephan Sand & Gravel Inc; 1995-11-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Steven Patrick  Ludlow → STEPHAN PIT #3; 2023-04-18 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Steven Patrick  Ludlow → Ludlow'S Sand & Gravel Company Inc; 2023-04-18 to 1995-10-31; source msha-controller-operator-history