# Relationship history for MSHA mine 3000879

Current hierarchy: **VOTORANTIM CIMENTOS → VCNA United Materials LLC → FREY SAND & GRAVEL**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Frey Concrete Inc → FREY SAND & GRAVEL; 1950-01-01 to 1997-12-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Paul M  Muck → FREY SAND & GRAVEL; 1950-01-01 to 1997-12-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Paul M  Muck → Frey Concrete Inc; 1950-01-01 to 1997-12-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** FREY CONCRETE → FREY SAND & GRAVEL; 1998-01-01 to 2019-03-07; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Wade E  Cook  et al → FREY SAND & GRAVEL; 1998-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Wade E  Cook  et al → FREY CONCRETE; 1998-01-01 to 2019-03-07; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Richard C  Holmes  et al → FREY CONCRETE; 1998-01-01 to 2019-03-07; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** VCNA United Materials LLC → FREY SAND & GRAVEL; 2019-03-08 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** VOTORANTIM CIMENTOS → FREY SAND & GRAVEL; 2019-03-08 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** VOTORANTIM CIMENTOS → VCNA United Materials LLC; 2019-03-08 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history