# Relationship history for MSHA mine 2700479

Current hierarchy: **Rachel A  Ladd; David K  Ladd → Ladd Sand and Gravel, LLC → Ladd Sand and Gravel LLC**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-18T09:31:49.615908+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Ladd Sand and Gravel, LLC → Ladd Sand and Gravel LLC; 2014-02-25 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** David K  Ladd et al → Ladd Sand and Gravel LLC; 2014-02-25 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** David K  Ladd et al → Ladd Sand and Gravel, LLC; 2014-02-25 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Rachel A  Ladd et al → Ladd Sand and Gravel, LLC; 2014-02-25 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history