# Relationship history for MSHA mine 2401834

Current hierarchy: **Howard Kenneth L → Howard Mining & Exploration Company → Sawpit Placer Mine**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Howard Mining & Exploration Company → Sawpit Placer Mine; 1987-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Howard Kenneth L → Sawpit Placer Mine; 1987-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Howard Kenneth L → Howard Mining & Exploration Company; 1987-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history