# Relationship history for MSHA mine 2401789

Current hierarchy: **Copenhauer Richard W & David E → Copenhauer & Poggeman → Mistake Placer**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Copenhauer & Poggeman → Mistake Placer; 1985-05-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Copenhauer Richard W & David E Et Al → Mistake Placer; 1985-05-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Copenhauer Richard W & David E Et Al → Copenhauer & Poggeman; 1985-05-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history