# Relationship history for MSHA mine 2103320

Current hierarchy: **Paul M  Jacobsen → Paul Jacobsen → Biwabik Pit**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** KEN JACOBSEN → Biwabik Pit; 2002-05-28 to 2011-09-11; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Ken  Jacobsen → Biwabik Pit; 2002-05-28 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Ken  Jacobsen → KEN JACOBSEN; 2002-05-28 to 2011-09-11; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Paul Jacobsen → Biwabik Pit; 2011-09-12 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Paul M  Jacobsen → Biwabik Pit; 2011-09-12 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Paul M  Jacobsen → Paul Jacobsen; 2011-09-12 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history