# Relationship history for MSHA mine 1601459

Current hierarchy: **James J  Denman → Hard Rock Sand & Gravel LLC → Plant Site #2**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** James J  Denman → Plant Site #2; 2002-06-11 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Hard Rock Sand & Gravel LLC → Plant Site #2; 2007-05-18 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** James J  Denman → Hard Rock Sand & Gravel LLC; 2007-05-18 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history