# Relationship history for MSHA mine 1601035

Current hierarchy: **Owens Willie Jr → Ma & Pa Sand & Gravel → Ma And Pa Pit**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Buckels Moses & Jessie B Howard → Ma And Pa Pit; 1979-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** B & H Sand & Gravel Company → Ma And Pa Pit; 1983-05-01 to 1991-02-12; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Buckels Moses & Jessie B Howard → B & H Sand & Gravel Company; 1983-05-01 to 1991-02-12; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Ma & Pa Sand & Gravel → Ma And Pa Pit; 1991-02-13 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Owens Willie Jr → Ma And Pa Pit; 1991-02-13 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Owens Willie Jr → Ma & Pa Sand & Gravel; 1991-02-13 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history