# Relationship history for MSHA mine 1519787

Current hierarchy: **Steven  Adkins; James D Howard → Thumper Coal LLC → Mine # 1**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-17T05:35:58.500035+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Nepernine Mining, Inc. → Mine # 1; 2015-10-13 to 2017-04-12; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Jan M Berkowitz → Mine # 1; 2015-10-13 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Jan M Berkowitz → Nepernine Mining, Inc.; 2015-10-13 to 2017-04-12; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Thumper Coal LLC → Mine # 1; 2017-04-13 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Steven  Adkins et al → Mine # 1; 2017-04-13 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Steven  Adkins et al → Thumper Coal LLC; 2017-04-13 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** James D Howard et al → Thumper Coal LLC; 2017-04-13 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history