# Relationship history for MSHA mine 1518974

Current hierarchy: **Jerry  Volk; Bob  Bays → Dusty Diamond Co., Inc. → Cowpen Surface**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Edsel H  Preece et al → Cowpen Surface; 2003-07-21 to 2004-10-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Bob  Bays  et al → Cowpen Surface; 2004-03-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Robert L  Blanton → Cowpen Surface; 2004-11-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Twin Resources, LLC → Cowpen Surface; 2006-02-27 to 2006-08-17; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Edsel H  Preece et al → Twin Resources, LLC; 2006-02-27 to 2004-10-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Robert L  Blanton → Twin Resources, LLC; 2006-02-27 to 2006-08-17; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Dusty Diamond Co Inc → Cowpen Surface; 2006-08-18 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Bob  Bays  et al → Dusty Diamond Co Inc; 2006-08-18 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Jerry  Volk  et al → Dusty Diamond Co Inc; 2006-08-18 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history