# Relationship history for MSHA mine 1518448

Current hierarchy: **Carl  Kirk → North Star Mining → No 11**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Carl  Kirk et al → No 11; 1998-02-19 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** North Star Mining → No 11; 2001-09-27 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Carl  Kirk et al → North Star Mining; 2001-09-27 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history