# Relationship history for MSHA mine 1518334

Current hierarchy: **Pen Holdings Inc → Levisa Fork Mining Company → Bear Branch Surface Mine**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Pen Holdings Inc → Bear Branch Surface Mine; 1999-12-04 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Levisa Fork Mining Company → Bear Branch Surface Mine; 2001-02-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Pen Holdings Inc → Levisa Fork Mining Company; 2001-02-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history