# Relationship history for MSHA mine 1516738

Current hierarchy: **Hawkins Edd → J & H Coal Company → #8**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Hawkins Edd → #8; 1981-06-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Robinson Billy R & Jackie Coleman → #8; 1987-10-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Amy Coal Inc → #8; 1989-10-01 to 1990-10-04; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Amy Bartley → #8; 1989-10-01 to 1993-11-08; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Amy Bartley → Amy Coal Inc; 1989-10-01 to 1990-10-04; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Jackson Branch Coal Company → #8; 1990-10-05 to 1991-04-04; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Robinson Billy R & Jackie Coleman → Jackson Branch Coal Company; 1990-10-05 to 1991-04-04; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** J & H Coal Company → #8; 1991-04-05 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Hawkins Edd → J & H Coal Company; 1991-04-05 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history