# Relationship history for MSHA mine 1516436

Current hierarchy: **Bowling Charles D → C & P Coal Company Inc → No 5**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Bowling Charles D Et Al → No 5; 1983-11-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** C & P Coal Company Inc → No 5; 1988-08-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Bowling Charles D Et Al → C & P Coal Company Inc; 1988-08-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history