# Relationship history for MSHA mine 1516193

Current hierarchy: **Cooper William L → Leemike Coal Company Inc → Deep Mine #2**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-17T05:35:58.500035+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Cooper William L → Deep Mine #2; 1950-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Leemike Coal Company Inc → Deep Mine #2; 1987-09-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Cooper William L → Leemike Coal Company Inc; 1987-09-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history