# Relationship history for MSHA mine 1510465

Current hierarchy: **Caudill Hubert W → L & E Coal Company Inc → No 1**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Magnum Coal Company Inc → No 1; 1977-06-01 to 1983-09-13; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Madden Allen R → No 1; 1977-06-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Madden Allen R → Magnum Coal Company Inc; 1977-06-01 to 1983-09-13; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** L & E Coal Company Inc → No 1; 1983-09-14 to 1987-11-11; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Joseph Luther → No 1; 1983-09-14 to 1987-11-11; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Joseph Luther → L & E Coal Company Inc; 1983-09-14 to 1987-11-11; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** L & E Coal Company Inc → No 1; 1987-11-12 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Caudill Hubert W → No 1; 1987-11-12 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Caudill Hubert W → L & E Coal Company Inc; 1987-11-12 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history