# Relationship history for MSHA mine 1401632

Current hierarchy: **Orville  Spray III → Venture Corporation → Dundee**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **controller_controls_mine:** Orville  Spray Jr → Dundee; 1979-01-01 to 2008-09-14; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Venture Corporation → Dundee; 2004-07-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Orville  Spray Jr → Venture Corporation; 2004-07-01 to 2008-09-14; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Orville  Spray III → Dundee; 2008-09-15 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Orville  Spray III → Venture Corporation; 2008-09-15 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history