# Relationship history for MSHA mine 1400475

Current hierarchy: **Frank E  Davis; Donald E  Davis → Davis & Sons Sand Sales → Davis & Sons Sand Sales**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Davis & Sons Sand Sales → Davis & Sons Sand Sales; 1950-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Donald E  Davis  et al → Davis & Sons Sand Sales; 1950-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Donald E  Davis  et al → Davis & Sons Sand Sales; 1950-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Frank E  Davis  et al → Davis & Sons Sand Sales; 1950-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history