{"data":{"schemaVersion":"realm.mine-profile.v1","generatedAt":"2026-10-17T06:17:15.228Z","identity":{"mine_id":"1202354","name":"Howesville Mine","status":"Abandoned and Sealed","status_date":"2006-10-04","mine_type":"Facility","coal_metal":"C","commodity":"Coal (Bituminous)","state":"IN","county":"Clay","nearest_town":"Jasonville","operator_id":"0051576","operator_name":"Sunrise Coal LLC","controller_id":"0141083","controller_name":"Hallador Energy Company","district":"C08","office":"Vincennes IN Field Office","employees":0,"latitude":39.171388,"longitude":-87.129166},"coverage":{"contributingSources":10,"registeredSources":20,"sourceRows":183},"relationships":{"schemaVersion":"realm.temporal-relationships.v1","temporalSemantics":{"validTime":{"granularity":"date","bounds":"inclusive","nullStart":"start date not published in the upstream history row","nullEnd":"open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present 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(NONPOWERED)","ACCIDENT_TYPE":"Struck by... NEC","OCCUPATION":"Laborer, Blacksmith, Bull gang, Parts runner, Roustabout, Pick-up man, Pitman","NO_INJURIES":"1","DAYS_LOST":"0","NARRATIVE":"The ee was ratcheing a ratchet strap to secure supplies on a trailer. The buckle of the strap was above his head. The ratchet buckle came apart during pressurition striking the ee on the left sheek below the exe. the laceration was cleaned and glued at the er.","sourceDate":"2006-08-18"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"104071","DOCUMENT_NO":"220061600039","ACCIDENT_DT":"06/01/2006","DEGREE_INJURY":"ACCIDENT ONLY","CLASSIFICATION":"FALL OF ROOF OR BACK","ACCIDENT_TYPE":"Accident type, without injuries","OCCUPATION":"NO VALUE FOUND","NO_INJURIES":"0","DAYS_LOST":"0","NARRATIVE":"A roof fall occurred inby the tailpiece at 28+60 #4 2nd west. The crosscut between #5 and #4 was mined opening the intersection in #4. The roof was being supported in the crosscut when the intersection of #4 fell. The area had been initially bolted with 6' resin bolts. The fall was 30' long, 18' wide, and 6' high.","sourceDate":"2006-06-01"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"44035","DOCUMENT_NO":"220061500037","ACCIDENT_DT":"05/19/2006","DEGREE_INJURY":"NO DYS AWY FRM WRK,NO RSTR ACT","CLASSIFICATION":"FALL OF ROOF OR BACK","ACCIDENT_TYPE":"Fall onto or against objects","OCCUPATION":"Laborer, Bull gang,  Parts runner, Roustabout, Roof trimmer/scaler","NO_INJURIES":"1","DAYS_LOST":"0","NARRATIVE":"EE was installing roof support in the face area. A rock fell from roof in the general area of the EE. He turned to run outby, tripped and fell knocking off his hard hat, and struck the back of his head against the coal rib. The blow caused a  slight laceration of the scalp. The cut was treated at the ER applying glue. No stitches.","sourceDate":"2006-05-19"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"26969","DOCUMENT_NO":"220061350046","ACCIDENT_DT":"05/09/2006","DEGREE_INJURY":"ACCIDENT ONLY","CLASSIFICATION":"FALL OF ROOF OR BACK","ACCIDENT_TYPE":"Accident type, without injuries","OCCUPATION":"NO VALUE FOUND","NO_INJURIES":"0","DAYS_LOST":"0","NARRATIVE":"A roof fall occurred on the working section between 20+20+21+00 in the #7 2nd west entry. The area had been under observation since 3:00 AM. The intersections outby and inby the fall area had already been timbered and dangered out prior to  the fall. The fall was combined to 6' high 25' long and 14' wide. The area was bolted with 6\" resin bolts. Water was the cause.","sourceDate":"2006-05-09"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"52677","DOCUMENT_NO":"220061210066","ACCIDENT_DT":"04/22/2006","DEGREE_INJURY":"DAYS AWAY FROM WORK ONLY","CLASSIFICATION":"FALL OF ROOF OR BACK","ACCIDENT_TYPE":"Struck by falling object","OCCUPATION":"Roof bolter, Rock bolter,  Pinner, Mobile roof support operator (MRS)","NO_INJURIES":"1","DAYS_LOST":"1","NARRATIVE":"Employee placed his right hand on the top of the drill pot for balance. He then stooped down to examine the roof area that he was drilling. A rock fell from the roof, approx. 8\" x 15\" x 2\" striking the back of his hand. The employee was taken for x-rays. No broken bone were found. A deep contusion was found between the thumb and index finger.","sourceDate":"2006-04-22"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"242052","DOCUMENT_NO":"220061110037","ACCIDENT_DT":"04/19/2006","DEGREE_INJURY":"ACCIDENT ONLY","CLASSIFICATION":"FALL OF ROOF OR BACK","ACCIDENT_TYPE":"Accident type, without injuries","OCCUPATION":"NO VALUE FOUND","NO_INJURIES":"0","DAYS_LOST":"0","NARRATIVE":"A roof fall was found out by the working section at 8+20 #5 to #7 entries of the 2nd west mains. Ventilation was disabled and then immediately reestablished by construction of new stoppings. It was originally supported with 6in resin bolts & secondarily supported with 10' cable bolts. Fall was 120'L, 18'W & 10'H. Upper block coal seam was cause.","sourceDate":"2006-04-19"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"220483","DOCUMENT_NO":"220061110046","ACCIDENT_DT":"04/13/2006","DEGREE_INJURY":"ACCIDENT ONLY","CLASSIFICATION":"FALL OF ROOF OR BACK","ACCIDENT_TYPE":"Accident type, without injuries","OCCUPATION":"NO VALUE FOUND","NO_INJURIES":"0","DAYS_LOST":"0","NARRATIVE":"A roof fall occurred inby the dump point at crosscut 14+60 in #4 entry of the second west mains. The fall was 25' long, 18' wide, and 11' high. The area was initially supported with 6' fully grouted resin bolts. The area was secondarily supported with 10' cable bolts. Localized weak sandy shale was determined to be the cause.","sourceDate":"2006-04-13"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"190266","DOCUMENT_NO":"220061070033","ACCIDENT_DT":"04/10/2006","DEGREE_INJURY":"NO DYS AWY FRM WRK,NO RSTR ACT","CLASSIFICATION":"SLIP OR FALL OF PERSON","ACCIDENT_TYPE":"Fall onto or against objects","OCCUPATION":"Warehouseman, Bagger, Palletizer/Stacker, Store keeper, Packager, Fabricator, Cleaning plant operator","NO_INJURIES":"1","DAYS_LOST":"0","NARRATIVE":"The employee was attempting to clean a clogged belt press with a water hose. He was standing on a fabricated ladder. He lost his footing and fell into the ladder causing a laceration of the chin. He received two staples at the hospital.","sourceDate":"2006-04-10"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"56900","DOCUMENT_NO":"220061000085","ACCIDENT_DT":"04/01/2006","DEGREE_INJURY":"ACCIDENT ONLY","CLASSIFICATION":"FALL OF ROOF OR BACK","ACCIDENT_TYPE":"Accident type, without injuries","OCCUPATION":"NO VALUE FOUND","NO_INJURIES":"0","DAYS_LOST":"0","NARRATIVE":"A roof fall was found by the pumper in the return at 7+80 #1 of the first west entries. The fall was 30' long, 18' wide, and 12' thick. The area was initially bolted with 6' resin pins and was secondary bolted with 10' cable bolts. Water in the roof was determined to be the cause.","sourceDate":"2006-04-01"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"108304","DOCUMENT_NO":"220061000054","ACCIDENT_DT":"03/24/2006","DEGREE_INJURY":"DAYS AWAY FROM WORK ONLY","CLASSIFICATION":"HANDLING OF MATERIALS","ACCIDENT_TYPE":"Caught in, under or between NEC","OCCUPATION":"Laborer, Bull gang,  Parts runner, Roustabout, Roof trimmer/scaler","NO_INJURIES":"1","DAYS_LOST":"3","NARRATIVE":"The EE was loading timbers onto the roof of a mantrip. The timber was dropped, trapping the tip of the EE's finger between the timber and the mantrip roof. X-rays showed a slight fracture.","sourceDate":"2006-03-24"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"87084","DOCUMENT_NO":"220060860048","ACCIDENT_DT":"03/19/2006","DEGREE_INJURY":"ACCIDENT ONLY","CLASSIFICATION":"FALL OF ROOF OR BACK","ACCIDENT_TYPE":"Accident type, without injuries","OCCUPATION":"NO VALUE FOUND","NO_INJURIES":"0","DAYS_LOST":"0","NARRATIVE":"A roof fall occured out by the tail piece during the night. The mine was idle at the time of the fall. The fall was found during the preshift examination prior to work on dayshift Sunday. The fall was located inby the intersection of 2+40 in #6 2nd west entry. The area was initially bolted with 6' fully grouted resin bolts. The cause was a hidden slip in the roof,","sourceDate":"2006-03-19"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"5452","DOCUMENT_NO":"220060860049","ACCIDENT_DT":"03/19/2006","DEGREE_INJURY":"ACCIDENT ONLY","CLASSIFICATION":"FALL OF ROOF OR BACK","ACCIDENT_TYPE":"Accident type, without injuries","OCCUPATION":"NO VALUE FOUND","NO_INJURIES":"0","DAYS_LOST":"0","NARRATIVE":"Found during the preshift examination prior to the start of 3rd shift.Mine was idle at the time of the fall. Fall located in #5 1st west entry at 22+20. Fall was 17'l, 18' w, 12' thick. The area was initially bolted with 6' resin bolts, trusses, had been added as secondary support. Cause was determined to be water & slip in the weakened roof.","sourceDate":"2006-03-19"}]},{"id":"msha-addresses","name":"Addresses of Record","domains":["identity","logistics"],"products":["entity resolution","address history","facility geocoding"],"rowCount":1,"firstDate":"2006-10-04","lastDate":"2006-10-04","metrics":{},"periods":{},"recentRecords":[]},{"id":"msha-assessed-violations","name":"Assessed Violations","domains":["compliance","legal"],"products":["penalty lifecycle","paid and outstanding amounts","assessment 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This type of discriminating warning device shall—\n\n(i) Have a sensing area of a sufficient size that would allow endangered persons adequate time to get out of the danger zone.\n\n(ii) Give audible and visual alarms inside the operator's compartment and an audible alarm outside of the operator's compartment when a person or object is detected in the sensing area; and\n\n(iii) When the equipment is put in reverse, activate and give a one-time audible and visual alarm inside the operator's compartment and a one-time audible alarm outside the operator's compartment.\n\n(b) Alarms shall be audible above the surrounding noise levels.\n\n(c) Warning devices shall be maintained in functional condition.\n\n(d) An automatic reverse-activated strobe light may be substituted for an audible alarm when mobile equipment is operated at night.\n\n[54 FR 30517, July 20, 1989]","occurrenceCount":1},{"chapter":"I","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","citation":"30 CFR 75.503","heading":"Permissible electric face equipment; maintenance.","id":"75.503","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-75/subpart-F/section-75.503","part":"75","partHeading":"PART 75—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS—UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subchapter":"O","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","subpart":"F","subpartHeading":"Subpart F—Electrical Equipment—General","text":"[Statutory Provisions]\n\nThe operator of each coal mine shall maintain in permissible condition all electric face equipment required by §§ 75.500, 75.501, 75.504 to be permissible which is taken into or used inby the last open crosscut of any such mine.","occurrenceCount":3},{"chapter":"I","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","citation":"30 CFR 75.1909","heading":"Nonpermissible diesel-powered equipment; design and performance requirements.","id":"75.1909","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-75/subpart-T/section-75.1909","part":"75","partHeading":"PART 75—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS—UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subchapter":"O","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","subpart":"T","subpartHeading":"Subpart T—Diesel-Powered Equipment","text":"(a) Nonpermissible diesel-powered equipment, except for the special category of equipment under § 75.1908(d), must be equipped with the following features:\n\n(1) An engine approved under subpart E of part 7 of this title equipped with an air filter sized in accordance with the engine manufacturer's recommendations, and an air filter service indicator set in accordance with the engine manufacturer's recommendations;\n\n(2) At least one portable multipurpose dry chemical type (ABC) fire extinguisher listed or approved by a nationally recognized independent testing laboratory with a 10A:60B:C or higher rating. The fire extinguisher must be located within easy reach of the equipment operator and protected from damage;\n\n(3) A fuel system specifically designed for diesel fuel meeting the following requirements:\n\n(i) A fuel tank and fuel lines that do not leak;\n\n(ii) A fuel tank that is substantially constructed and protected against damage by collision;\n\n(iii) A vent opening that maintains atmospheric pressure in the fuel tank, and that is designed to prevent fuel from splashing out of the vent opening;\n\n(iv) A self-closing filler cap on the fuel tank;\n\n(v) The fuel tank, filler and vent must be located so that leaks or spillage during refueling will not contact hot surfaces;\n\n(vi) Fuel line piping must be either steel-wire reinforced; synthetic elastomer-covered hose suitable for use with diesel fuel that has been tested and has been determined to be fire-resistant by the manufacturer; or metal;\n\n(vii) Fuel line piping must be clamped;\n\n(viii) Primary fuel lines must be located so that fuel line leaks do not contact hot surfaces;\n\n(ix) The fuel lines must be separated from electrical wiring and protected from damage in ordinary use;\n\n(x) A manual shutoff valve must be installed in the fuel system as close as practicable to the tank; and\n\n(xi) A water separator and fuel filter(s) must be provided.\n\n(4) A sensor to monitor the temperature and provide a visual warning of an overheated cylinder head on air-cooled engines;\n\n(5) Guarding to protect fuel, hydraulic, and electric lines when such lines pass near rotating parts or in the event of shaft failure;\n\n(6) Hydraulic tanks, fillers, vents, and lines located to prevent spillage or leaks from contacting hot surfaces;\n\n(7) Reflectors or warning lights mounted on the equipment which can be readily seen in all directions;\n\n(8) A means to direct exhaust gas away from the equipment operator, persons on board the machine, and combustible machine components;\n\n(9) A means to prevent unintentional free and uncontrolled descent of personnel-elevating work platforms; and\n\n(10) A means to prevent the spray from ruptured hydraulic or lubricating oil lines from being ignited by contact with engine exhaust system component surfaces.\n\n(b) Self-propelled nonpermissible diesel-powered equipment must have the following features in addition to those in paragraph (a):\n\n(1) A means to ensure that no stored hydraulic energy that will cause machine articulation is available after the engine is shut down;\n\n(2) A neutral start feature which ensures that engine cranking torque will not be transmitted through the powertrain and cause machine movement on vehicles utilizing fluid power transmissions;\n\n(3) For machines with steering wheels, brake pedals, and accelerator pedals, controls which are of automobile orientation;\n\n(4) An audible warning device conveniently located near the equipment operator;\n\n(5) Lights provided and maintained on both ends of the equipment. Equipment normally operated in both directions must be equipped with headlights for both directions;\n\n(6) Service brakes that act on each wheel of the vehicle and that are designed such that failure of any single component, except the brake actuation pedal or other similar actuation device, must not result in a complete loss of service braking capability;\n\n(7) Service brakes that safely bring the fully loaded vehicle to a complete stop on the maximum grade on which it is operated; and\n\n(8) No device that traps a column of fluid to hold the brake in the applied position shall be installed in any brake system, unless the trapped column of fluid is released when the equipment operator is no longer in contact with the brake activation device.\n\n(c) Self-propelled nonpermissible heavy-duty diesel-powered equipment under § 75.1908(a), except rail-mounted equipment, shall be provided with a supplemental braking system that:\n\n(1) Engages automatically within 5 seconds of the shutdown of the engine;\n\n(2) Safely brings the equipment when fully loaded to a complete stop on the maximum grade on which it is operated;\n\n(3) Holds the equipment stationary, despite any contraction of brake parts, exhaustion of any nonmechanical source of energy, or leakage;\n\n(4) Releases only by a manual control that does not operate any other equipment function;\n\n(5) Has a means in the equipment operator's compartment to apply the brakes manually without shutting down the engine, and a means to release and reengage the brakes without the engine operating; and\n\n(6) Has a means to ensure that the supplemental braking system is released before the equipment can be trammed, and is designed to ensure the brake is fully released at all times while the equipment is trammed.\n\n(d) Self-propelled nonpermissible light-duty diesel-powered equipment under § 75.1908(b), except rail-mounted equipment, must be provided with a parking brake that holds the fully loaded equipment stationary on the maximum grade on which it is operated despite any contraction of the brake parts, exhaustion of any nonmechanical source of energy, or leakage.\n\n(e) The supplemental and park brake systems required by paragraphs (c) and (d) must be applied when the equipment operator is not at the controls of the equipment, except during movement of disabled equipment.\n\n(f) Self-propelled personnel-elevating work platforms must be provided with a means to ensure that the parking braking system is released before the equipment can be trammed, and must be designed to ensure the brake is fully released at all times while the equipment is trammed.\n\n(g) Any nonpermissible equipment that discharges its exhaust directly into a return air course must be provided with a power package approved under subpart F of part 7 of this title.\n\n(h) Self-propelled nonpermissible heavy-duty diesel-powered equipment meeting the requirements of § 75.1908(a) must be provided with an automatic fire suppression system meeting the requirements of § 75.1911.\n\n(i) Self-propelled nonpermissible light-duty diesel-powered equipment meeting the requirements of § 75.1908(b) must be provided with an automatic or manual fire suppression system meeting the requirements of § 75.1911.\n\n(j) Nonpermissible equipment that is not self-propelled must have the following features in addition to those listed in paragraph (a):\n\n(1) A means to prevent inadvertent movement of the equipment when parked;\n\n(2) Safety chains or other suitable secondary connections on equipment that is being towed; and\n\n(3) An automatic fire suppression system meeting the requirements of § 75.1911.\n\n[61 FR 55527, Oct. 25, 1996; 62 FR 34641, June 27, 1997]","occurrenceCount":1},{"chapter":"I","heading":"Refuse piles; reporting requirements.","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-C/section-77.215-2","part":"77","subchapter":"O","subpart":"C","id":"77.215-2","citation":"30 CFR 77.215-2","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","partHeading":"PART 77—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS, SURFACE COAL MINES AND SURFACE WORK AREAS OF UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subpartHeading":"","text":null,"occurrenceCount":1},{"chapter":"I","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","citation":"30 CFR 75.370","heading":"Mine ventilation plan; submission and approval.","id":"75.370","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-75/subpart-D/section-75.370","part":"75","partHeading":"PART 75—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS—UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subchapter":"O","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","subpart":"D","subpartHeading":"Subpart D—Ventilation","text":"(a)(1) The operator shall develop and follow a ventilation plan approved by the district manager. The plan shall be designed to control methane and respirable dust and shall be suitable to the conditions and mining system at the mine. The ventilation plan shall consist of two parts, the plan content as prescribed in § 75.371 and the ventilation map with information as prescribed in § 75.372. Only that portion of the map which contains information required under § 75.371 will be subject to approval by the district manager.\n\n(2) The proposed ventilation plan and any revision to the plan shall be submitted in writing to the district manager. When revisions to a ventilation plan are proposed, only the revised pages, maps, or sketches of the plan need to be submitted. When required in writing by the district manager, the operator shall submit a fully revised plan by consolidating the plan and all revisions in an orderly manner and by deleting all outdated material.\n\n(3) (i) The mine operator shall notify the representative of miners at least 5 days prior to submission of a mine ventilation plan and any revision to a mine ventilation plan. If requested, the mine operator shall provide a copy to the representative of miners at the time of notification. In the event of a situation requiring immediate action on a plan revision, notification of the revision shall be given, and if requested, a copy of the revision shall be provided, to the representative of miners by the operator at the time of submittal;\n\n(ii) A copy of the proposed ventilation plan, and a copy of any proposed revision, submitted for approval shall be made available for inspection by the representative of miners; and\n\n(iii) A copy of the proposed ventilation plan, and a copy of any proposed revision, submitted for approval shall be posted on the mine bulletin board at the time of submittal. The proposed plan or proposed revision shall remain posted until it is approved, withdrawn or denied.\n\n(b) Following receipt of the proposed plan or proposed revision, the representative of miners may submit timely comments to the district manager, in writing, for consideration during the review process. A copy of these comments shall also be provided to the operator by the district manager upon request.\n\n(c) (1) The district manager will notify the operator in writing of the approval or denial of approval of a proposed ventilation plan or proposed revision. A copy of this notification will be sent to the representative of miners by the district manager.\n\n(2) If the district manager denies approval of a proposed plan or revision, the deficiencies of the plan or revision shall be specified in writing and the operator will be provided an opportunity to discuss the deficiencies with the district manager.\n\n(d) No proposed ventilation plan shall be implemented before it is approved by the district manager. Any intentional change to the ventilation system that alters the main air current or any split of the main air current in a manner that could materially affect the safety and health of the miners, or any change to the information required in § 75.371 shall be submitted to and approved by the district manager before implementation.\n\n(e) Before implementing an approved ventilation plan or a revision to a ventilation plan, persons affected by the revision shall be instructed by the operator in its provisions.\n\n(f) The approved ventilation plan and any revisions shall be—\n\n(1) Provided upon request to the representative of miners by the operator following notification of approval;\n\n(2) Made available for inspection by the representative of miners; and\n\n(3) Posted on the mine bulletin board within 1 working day following notification of approval. The approved plan and revisions shall remain posted on the bulletin board for the period that they are in effect.\n\n(g) The ventilation plan for each mine shall be reviewed every 6 months by an authorized representative of the Secretary to assure that it is suitable to current conditions in the mine.","occurrenceCount":1},{"chapter":"I","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","citation":"30 CFR 75.400","heading":"Accumulation of combustible materials.","id":"75.400","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-75/subpart-E/section-75.400","part":"75","partHeading":"PART 75—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS—UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subchapter":"O","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","subpart":"E","subpartHeading":"Subpart E—Combustible Materials and Rock Dusting","text":"Coal dust, including float coal dust deposited on rock-dusted surfaces, loose coal, and other combustible materials, shall be cleaned up and not be permitted to accumulate in active workings, or on diesel-powered and electric equipment therein.\n\n[61 FR 55527, Oct. 25, 1996]","occurrenceCount":1},{"chapter":"I","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","citation":"30 CFR 75.604","heading":"Permanent splicing of trailing cables.","id":"75.604","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-75/subpart-G/section-75.604","part":"75","partHeading":"PART 75—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS—UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subchapter":"O","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","subpart":"G","subpartHeading":"Subpart G—Trailing Cables","text":"[Statutory Provisions]\n\nWhen permanent splices in trailing cables are made, they shall be:\n\n(a) Mechanically strong with adequate electrical conductivity and flexibility;\n\n(b) Effectively insulated and sealed so as to exclude moisture; and\n\n(c) Vulcanized or otherwise treated with suitable materials to provide flame-resistant qualities and good bonding to the outer jacket.\n\n(d) Made using splice kits accepted or approved by MSHA as flame resistant.\n\n[35 FR 17890, Nov. 20, 1970, as amended at 57 FR 61223, Dec. 23, 1992]","occurrenceCount":1},{"chapter":"I","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","citation":"30 CFR 75.380","heading":"Escapeways; bituminous and lignite mines.","id":"75.380","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-75/subpart-D/section-75.380","part":"75","partHeading":"PART 75—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS—UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subchapter":"O","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","subpart":"D","subpartHeading":"Subpart D—Ventilation","text":"(a) Except in situations addressed in § 75.381, § 75.385 and § 75.386, at least two separate and distinct travelable passageways shall be designated as escapeways and shall meet the requirements of this section.\n\n(b) (1) Escapeways shall be provided from each working section, and each area where mechanized mining equipment is being installed or removed, continuous to the surface escape drift opening or continuous to the escape shaft or slope facilities to the surface.\n\n(2) During equipment installation, these escapeways shall begin at the projected location for the section loading point. During equipment removal, they shall begin at the location of the last loading point.\n\n(c) The two separate and distinct escapeways required by this section shall not end at a common shaft, slope, or drift opening, except that multiple compartment shafts or slopes separated by walls constructed of noncombustible material may be used as separate and distinct passageways.\n\n(d) Each escapeway shall be—\n\n(1) Maintained in a safe condition to always assure passage of anyone, including disabled persons;\n\n(2) Clearly marked to show the route and direction of travel to the surface;\n\n(3) Maintained to at least a height of 5 feet from the mine floor to the mine roof, excluding the thickness of any roof support, except that the escapeways shall be maintained to at least the height of the coalbed, excluding the thickness of any roof support, where the coalbed is less than 5 feet. In areas of mines where escapeways pass through doors, the height may be less than 5 feet, provided that sufficient height is maintained to enable miners, including disabled persons, to escape quickly in an emergency. In areas of mines developed before November 16, 1992, where escapeways pass over or under overcasts or undercasts, the height may be less than 5 feet provided that sufficient height is maintained to enable miners, including disabled persons, to escape quickly in an emergency. When there is a need to determine whether sufficient height is provided, MSHA may require a stretcher test where 4 persons carry a miner through the area in question on a stretcher;\n\n(4) Maintained at least 6 feet wide except—\n\n(i) Where necessary supplemental roof support is installed, the escapeway shall not be less than 4 feet wide; or\n\n(ii) Where the route of travel passes through doors or other permanent ventilation controls, the escapeway shall be at least 4 feet wide to enable miners to escape quickly in an emergency, or\n\n(iii) Where the alternate escapeway passes through doors or other permanent ventilation controls or where supplemental roof support is required and sufficient width is maintained to enable miners, including disabled persons, to escape quickly in an emergency. When there is a need to determine whether sufficient width is provided, MSHA may require a stretcher test where 4 persons carry a miner through the area in question on a stretcher, or\n\n(iv) Where mobile equipment near working sections, and other equipment essential to the ongoing operation of longwall sections, is necessary during normal mining operations, such as material cars containing rock dust or roof control supplies, or is to be used for the evacuation of miners off the section in the event of an emergency. In any instance, escapeways shall be of sufficient width to enable miners, including disabled persons, to escape quickly in an emergency. When there is a need to determine whether sufficient width is provided, MSHA may require a stretcher test where 4 persons carry a miner through the area in question on a stretcher;\n\n(5) Located to follow the most direct, safe and practical route to the nearest mine opening suitable for the safe evacuation of miners; and\n\n(6) Provided with ladders, stairways, ramps, or similar facilities where the escapeways cross over obstructions.\n\n(7) Provided with a continuous, durable directional lifeline or equivalent device that shall be—\n\n(i) Installed and maintained throughout the entire length of each escapeway as defined in paragraph (b)(1) of this section;\n\n(ii) Flame-resistant in accordance with the requirements of part 18 of this chapter upon replacement of existing lifelines; but in no case later than June 15, 2009;\n\n(iii) Marked with a reflective material every 25 feet;\n\n(iv) Located in such a manner for miners to use effectively to escape;\n\n(v) Equipped with one directional indicator cone securely attached to the lifeline, signifying the route of escape, placed at intervals not exceeding 100 feet. Cones shall be installed so that the tapered section points inby;\n\n(vi) Equipped with one sphere securely attached to the lifeline at each intersection where personnel doors are installed in adjacent crosscuts;\n\n(vii) Equipped with two securely attached cones, installed consecutively with the tapered section pointing inby, to signify an attached branch line is immediately ahead.\n\n(A) A branch line leading from the lifeline to an SCSR cache will be marked with four cones with the base sections in contact to form two diamond shapes. The cones must be placed within reach of the lifeline.\n\n(B) A branch line leading from the lifeline to a refuge alternative will be marked with a rigid spiraled coil at least eight inches in length. The spiraled coil must be placed within reach of the lifeline (see Illustration 1 below).\n\n(e) Surface openings shall be adequately protected to prevent surface fires, fumes, smoke, and flood water from entering the mine.\n\n(f) Primary escapeway. (1) One escapeway that is ventilated with intake air shall be designated as the primary escapeway. The primary escapeway shall have a higher ventilation pressure than the belt entry unless the mine operator submits an alternative in the mine ventilation plan to protect the integrity of the primary escapeway, based on mine specific conditions, which is approved by the district manager.\n\n(2) Paragraphs (f)(3) through (f)(7) of this section apply as follows:\n\n(i) To all areas of a primary escapeway developed on or after November 16, 1992;\n\n(ii) Effective as of June 10, 1997, to all areas of a primary escapeway developed between March 30, 1970 and November 16, 1992; and\n\n(iii) Effective as of June 10, 1997, to all areas of the primary escapeway developed prior to March 30, 1970 where separation of the belt and trolley haulage entries from the primary escapeway existed prior to November 16, 1992.\n\n(3) The following equipment is not permitted in the primary escapeway:\n\n(i) Mobile equipment hauling coal except for hauling coal incidental to cleanup or maintenance of the primary escapeway.\n\n(ii) Compressors, except—\n\n(A) Compressors necessary to maintain the escapeway in safe, travelable condition;\n\n(B) Compressors that are components of equipment such as locomotives and rock dusting machines; and\n\n(C) Compressors of less than five horsepower.\n\n(iii) Underground transformer stations, battery charging stations, substations, and rectifiers except—\n\n(A) Where necessary to maintain the escapeway in safe, travelable condition; and\n\n(B) Battery charging stations and rectifiers and power centers with transformers that are either dry-type or contain nonflammable liquid, provided they are located on or near a working section and are moved as the section advances or retreats.\n\n(iv) Water pumps, except—\n\n(A) Water pumps necessary to maintain the escapeway in safe, travelable condition;\n\n(B) Submersible pumps;\n\n(C) Permissible pumps and associated permissible switchgear;\n\n(D) Pumps located on or near a working section that are moved as the section advances or retreats;\n\n(E) Pumps installed in anthracite mines; and\n\n(F) Small portable pumps.\n\n(4) Mobile equipment operated in the primary escapeway, except for continuous miners and as provided in paragraphs (f)(5), (f)(6), and (f)(7) of this section, shall be equipped with a fire suppression system installed according to §§ 75.1107-3 through 75.1107-16 that is—\n\n(i) Manually operated and attended continuously by a person trained in the systems function and use, or\n\n(ii) A multipurpose dry chemical type capable of both automatic and manual activation.\n\n(5) Personnel carriers and small mobile equipment designed and used only for carrying people and small hand tools may be operated in primary escapeways if—\n\n(i) The equipment is provided with a multipurpose dry chemical type fire suppression system capable of both automatic and manual activation, and the suppression system is suitable for the intended application and is listed or approved by a nationally recognized independent testing laboratory, or,\n\n(ii) Battery powered and provided with two 10 pound multipurpose dry chemical portable fire extinguishers.\n\n(6) Notwithstanding the requirements of paragraph (f)(3)(i), mobile equipment not provided with a fire suppression system may operate in the primary escapeway if no one is inby except those persons directly engaged in using or moving the equipment.\n\n(7) Notwithstanding the requirements of paragraph (f)(3)(i), mobile equipment designated and used only as emergency vehicles or ambulances, may be operated in the primary escapeway without fire suppression systems.\n\n(g) Except where separation of belt and trolley haulage entries from designated escapeways did not exist before November 15, 1992, and except as provided in § 75.350(c), the primary escapeway must be separated from belt and trolley haulage entries for its entire length, to and including the first connecting crosscut outby each loading point except when a greater or lesser distance for this separation is specified and approved in the mine ventilation plan and does not pose a hazard to miners.\n\n(h) Alternate escapeway. One escapeway shall be designated as the alternate escapeway. The alternate escapeway shall be separated from the primary escapeway for its entire length, except that the alternate and primary escapeways may be ventilated from a common intake air shaft or slope opening.\n\n(i) Mechanical escape facilities shall be provided and maintained for—\n\n(1) Each shaft that is part of a designated escapeway and is greater than 50 feet in depth; and\n\n(2) Each slope from the coal seam to the surface that is part of a designated escapeway and is inclined more than 9 degrees from the horizontal.\n\n(j) Within 30 minutes after mine personnel on the surface have been notified of an emergency requiring evacuation, mechanical escape facilities provided under paragraph (i) of this section shall be operational at the bottom of shaft and slope openings that are part of escapeways.\n\n(k) Except where automatically activated hoisting equipment is used, the bottom of each shaft or slope opening that is part of a designated escapeway shall be equipped with a means of signaling a surface location where a person is always on duty when anyone is underground. When the signal is activated or the evacuation of persons underground is necessary, the person shall assure that mechanical escape facilities are operational as required by paragraph (j) of this section.\n\n(l)(1) Stairways or mechanical escape facilities shall be installed in shafts that are part of the designated escapeways and that are 50 feet or less in depth, except ladders may be used in shafts that are part of the designated escapeways and that are 5 feet or less in depth.\n\n(2) Stairways shall be constructed of concrete or metal, set on an angle not to exceed 45 degrees from the horizontal, and equipped on the open side with handrails. In addition, landing platforms that are at least 2 feet by 4 feet shall be installed at intervals not to exceed 20 vertical feet on the stairways and equipped on the open side with handrails.\n\n(3) Ladders shall be constructed of metal, anchored securely, and set on an angle not to exceed 60 degrees from the horizontal.\n\n(m) A travelway designed to prevent slippage shall be provided in slope and drift openings that are part of designated escapeways, unless mechanical escape facilities are installed.\n\n[61 FR 9829, Mar. 11, 1996; 61 FR 20877, May 8, 1996, as amended at 61 FR 55527, Oct. 25, 1996; 69 FR 17530, Apr. 2, 2004; 71 FR 12269, Mar. 9, 2006; 71 FR 71452, Dec. 8, 2006; 73 FR 80613, Dec. 31, 2008]","occurrenceCount":1},{"chapter":"I","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","citation":"30 CFR 77.205","heading":"Travelways at surface installations.","id":"77.205","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-C/section-77.205","part":"77","partHeading":"PART 77—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS, SURFACE COAL MINES AND SURFACE WORK AREAS OF UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subchapter":"O","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","subpart":"C","subpartHeading":"Subpart C—Surface Installations","text":"(a) Safe means of access shall be provided and maintained to all working places.\n\n(b) Travelways and platforms or other means of access to areas where persons are required to travel or work, shall be kept clear of all extraneous material and other stumbling or slipping hazards.\n\n(c) Inclined travelways shall be constructed of nonskid material or equipped with cleats.\n\n(d) Regularly used travelways shall be sanded, salted, or cleared of snow and ice as soon as practicable.\n\n(e) Crossovers, elevated walkways, elevated ramps, and stairways shall be of substantial construction, provided with handrails, and maintained in good condition. Where necessary toeboards shall be provided.\n\n(f) Crossovers shall be provided where it is necessary to cross conveyors.\n\n(g) Moving conveyors shall be crossed only at designated crossover points.","occurrenceCount":1},{"chapter":"I","heading":"Mine emergency evacuation and firefighting program of instruction.","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-75/subpart-P/section-75.1502","part":"75","subchapter":"O","subpart":"P","id":"75.1502","citation":"30 CFR 75.1502","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","partHeading":"PART 75—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS—UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subpartHeading":"","text":null,"occurrenceCount":1}],"fullCorpus":"/data/title30-sections.json"}}},"meta":{"representation":"json","mineId":"1202354","dataSource":"postgres","snapshotId":"2026-10-17T05:35:58.500035+00:00","completedAt":"2026-10-17T06:17:15.228Z","sourceCount":20,"totalRows":15450873}}