{"data":{"schemaVersion":"realm.mine-profile.v1","generatedAt":"2026-10-17T06:17:15.228Z","identity":{"mine_id":"1202127","name":"Columbia Mine","status":"Abandoned","status_date":"2002-12-10","mine_type":"Surface","coal_metal":"C","commodity":"Coal (Bituminous)","state":"IN","county":"Gibson","nearest_town":"Oakland City","operator_id":"P16551","operator_name":"Vigo Coal Company Inc","controller_id":"C03022","controller_name":"Vigo Coal Company Incorporated","district":"C08","office":"Vincennes IN Field Office","employees":0,"latitude":38.3625,"longitude":-87.295833},"coverage":{"contributingSources":12,"registeredSources":20,"sourceRows":114},"relationships":{"schemaVersion":"realm.temporal-relationships.v1","temporalSemantics":{"validTime":{"granularity":"date","bounds":"inclusive","nullStart":"start date not published in the upstream history row","nullEnd":"open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control"},"transactionTime":{"observedAt":"2026-10-17T05:35:58.500035+00:00","meaning":"time the checksum-addressed MDRS artifacts were observed by the PostgreSQL ingestion"},"derivation":{"controllerControlsOperator":"intersection of controller and operator valid-time intervals evidenced through this mine","currentIdentity":"current controller and operator are asserted only by the MDRS Mines snapshot"}},"current":{"mine":{"type":"mine","id":"1202127","name":"Columbia Mine"},"operator":{"type":"operator","id":"P16551","name":"Vigo Coal Company Inc"},"controller":{"type":"controller","id":"C03022","name":"Vigo Coal Company Incorporated"},"source":{"datasetId":"msha-mines","observedAt":"2026-10-17T05:35:58.500035+00:00"}},"edges":[{"type":"controller_controls_mine","subject":{"type":"controller","id":"C03022","name":"Vigo Coal Company Incorporated"},"object":{"type":"mine","id":"1202127","name":"Columbia Mine"},"validFrom":"1985-01-01","validTo":null,"current":true,"derived":false,"source":{"datasetId":"msha-controller-operator-history","observedAt":"2026-10-17T05:35:58.500035+00:00","recordKey":"1202127|C03022|1985-01-01|"}},{"type":"operator_operates_mine","subject":{"type":"operator","id":"P16551","name":"Vigo Coal Company Inc"},"object":{"type":"mine","id":"1202127","name":"Columbia Mine"},"validFrom":"1992-05-01","validTo":null,"current":true,"derived":false,"source":{"datasetId":"msha-controller-operator-history","observedAt":"2026-10-17T05:35:58.500035+00:00","recordKey":"1202127|P16551|1992-05-01|"}},{"type":"controller_controls_operator","subject":{"type":"controller","id":"C03022","name":"Vigo Coal Company Incorporated"},"object":{"type":"operator","id":"P16551","name":"Vigo Coal Company Inc"},"validFrom":"1992-05-01","validTo":null,"current":true,"derived":true,"evidenceMineId":"1202127","intervalAnomaly":false,"source":{"datasetId":"msha-controller-operator-history","observedAt":"2026-10-17T05:35:58.500035+00:00","recordKey":"1202127|P16551|1992-05-01|C03022|1985-01-01|61710"}}],"coverage":{"historyRecords":1,"edgeCount":3,"intervalAnomalies":0,"sourceDatasetId":"msha-controller-operator-history"}},"sources":[{"id":"msha-accidents","name":"Accident, Injuries, and Illnesses","domains":["safety","contractors"],"products":["incident trends","severity rates","equipment patterns","peer denominators"],"rowCount":2,"firstDate":"2000-06-23","lastDate":"2000-07-17","metrics":{"daysLost":0,"injuries":2,"fatalities":0,"recentRows":0,"restrictedDays":30,"contractorRecords":0},"periods":{},"recentRecords":[{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"13975","DOCUMENT_NO":"220002200088","ACCIDENT_DT":"07/17/2000","DEGREE_INJURY":"NO DYS AWY FRM WRK,NO RSTR ACT","CLASSIFICATION":"POWERED HAULAGE","ACCIDENT_TYPE":"Struck against a moving object","OCCUPATION":"Laborer, Blacksmith, Bull gang, Parts runner, Roustabout, Pick-up man, Pitman","NO_INJURIES":"1","NARRATIVE":"THE EE STARTED UP THE SPOIL RAMP IN #1969 TRUCK. WHEN HE WAS APPROX. 3/4 OF THE WAY OUT OF THE PIT THE ENGINE STALLED. WHEN THIS HAPPENED, THE TRUCK LOST ITS STEERING CAPABILITIES AND THE RETA RDER ALSO BECAME INOPERABLE THE TRUCK IS EQUIPPED WITH EMERGENCY STEERING. AS THE TRUCK DESCENDED BACKWARD DOWN THE RAMP, THE OPERATOR CALLED ON THE RADIO TO STAY OUT FROM BEHIND HIS TRUCK. T","sourceDate":"2000-07-17"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"121307","DOCUMENT_NO":"220001920004","ACCIDENT_DT":"06/23/2000","DEGREE_INJURY":"DAYS RESTRICTED ACTIVITY ONLY","CLASSIFICATION":"FIRE","ACCIDENT_TYPE":"Fall from machine","OCCUPATION":"Maintenance man, Mechanic,  Repair/Serviceman, Boilermaker, Fueler, Tire tech, Field service tech","NO_INJURIES":"1","NARRATIVE":"EARLY IN THE SHIF, EE HAD POURED 2 OZ. OF SOLVENT INTO 4 EXHAUST PORTS FOR THE PURPOSE OF DETERMINING IF THE VALVES WERE BENT ON THE WATER TRUCK WHICH WAS LOCATED IN THE EAST BAY OF THE REPAIR SHOP AT COLUMBIA MINE. APPROX. 1530 HE WAS SITTING ON THE RT. FRONT FEND OF THE TRUCK REPLACING THE CYLINDER HEAD. HE ASKED COWORKER TO START THE TRUCK. WHEN STARTED FLAMES HOT FROM THE EXHAU","sourceDate":"2000-06-23"}]},{"id":"msha-addresses","name":"Addresses of Record","domains":["identity","logistics"],"products":["entity resolution","address history","facility geocoding"],"rowCount":1,"firstDate":"2002-12-10","lastDate":"2002-12-10","metrics":{},"periods":{},"recentRecords":[]},{"id":"msha-assessed-violations","name":"Assessed Violations","domains":["compliance","legal"],"products":["penalty lifecycle","paid and outstanding amounts","assessment aging"],"rowCount":12,"firstDate":"2000-08-28","lastDate":"2002-06-12","metrics":{"ss":7,"delinquent":12,"recentRows":0,"paidPenalty":1529,"proposedPenalty":1529,"currentAssessment":1529},"periods":{},"recentRecords":[{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"1593164","VIOLATION_NO":"7566362","ISSUE_DT":"06/12/2002","CFR_STANDARD_CD":"77.1302(a)","SIG_SUB_IND":"Y","CITATION_TYPE_CD":"Citation","PROPOSED_PENALTY_AMT":"207.00","CURRENT_ASSESSMENT_AMT":"207.00","ASSESS_CASE_STATUS_CD":"Closed","sourceDate":"2002-06-12"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"1593163","VIOLATION_NO":"7566361","ISSUE_DT":"06/12/2002","CFR_STANDARD_CD":"72.620","SIG_SUB_IND":"Y","CITATION_TYPE_CD":"Citation","PROPOSED_PENALTY_AMT":"207.00","CURRENT_ASSESSMENT_AMT":"207.00","ASSESS_CASE_STATUS_CD":"Closed","sourceDate":"2002-06-12"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"1596342","VIOLATION_NO":"7564854","ISSUE_DT":"11/08/2001","CFR_STANDARD_CD":"77.410(c)","SIG_SUB_IND":"N","CITATION_TYPE_CD":"Citation","PROPOSED_PENALTY_AMT":"55.00","CURRENT_ASSESSMENT_AMT":"55.00","ASSESS_CASE_STATUS_CD":"Closed","sourceDate":"2001-11-08"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"1601473","VIOLATION_NO":"7574481","ISSUE_DT":"09/18/2001","CFR_STANDARD_CD":"77.1303(g)","SIG_SUB_IND":"Y","CITATION_TYPE_CD":"Citation","PROPOSED_PENALTY_AMT":"224.00","CURRENT_ASSESSMENT_AMT":"224.00","ASSESS_CASE_STATUS_CD":"Closed","sourceDate":"2001-09-18"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"1601472","VIOLATION_NO":"7574480","ISSUE_DT":"09/17/2001","CFR_STANDARD_CD":"77.410(c)","SIG_SUB_IND":"N","CITATION_TYPE_CD":"Citation","PROPOSED_PENALTY_AMT":"55.00","CURRENT_ASSESSMENT_AMT":"55.00","ASSESS_CASE_STATUS_CD":"Closed","sourceDate":"2001-09-17"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"1595662","VIOLATION_NO":"7564264","ISSUE_DT":"02/20/2001","CFR_STANDARD_CD":"77.1104","SIG_SUB_IND":"N","CITATION_TYPE_CD":"Citation","PROPOSED_PENALTY_AMT":"55.00","CURRENT_ASSESSMENT_AMT":"55.00","ASSESS_CASE_STATUS_CD":"Closed","sourceDate":"2001-02-20"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"1595661","VIOLATION_NO":"7564263","ISSUE_DT":"02/20/2001","CFR_STANDARD_CD":"72.620","SIG_SUB_IND":"Y","CITATION_TYPE_CD":"Citation","PROPOSED_PENALTY_AMT":"196.00","CURRENT_ASSESSMENT_AMT":"196.00","ASSESS_CASE_STATUS_CD":"Closed","sourceDate":"2001-02-20"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"1595660","VIOLATION_NO":"7564258","ISSUE_DT":"02/14/2001","CFR_STANDARD_CD":"77.1104","SIG_SUB_IND":"Y","CITATION_TYPE_CD":"Citation","PROPOSED_PENALTY_AMT":"140.00","CURRENT_ASSESSMENT_AMT":"140.00","ASSESS_CASE_STATUS_CD":"Closed","sourceDate":"2001-02-14"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"1595659","VIOLATION_NO":"7564257","ISSUE_DT":"02/14/2001","CFR_STANDARD_CD":"77.404(a)","SIG_SUB_IND":"Y","CITATION_TYPE_CD":"Citation","PROPOSED_PENALTY_AMT":"140.00","CURRENT_ASSESSMENT_AMT":"140.00","ASSESS_CASE_STATUS_CD":"Closed","sourceDate":"2001-02-14"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"1590454","VIOLATION_NO":"7564013","ISSUE_DT":"08/29/2000","CFR_STANDARD_CD":"77.410(c)","SIG_SUB_IND":"N","CITATION_TYPE_CD":"Citation","PROPOSED_PENALTY_AMT":"55.00","CURRENT_ASSESSMENT_AMT":"55.00","ASSESS_CASE_STATUS_CD":"Closed","sourceDate":"2000-08-29"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"1590453","VIOLATION_NO":"7564012","ISSUE_DT":"08/28/2000","CFR_STANDARD_CD":"77.1004(b)","SIG_SUB_IND":"Y","CITATION_TYPE_CD":"Citation","PROPOSED_PENALTY_AMT":"140.00","CURRENT_ASSESSMENT_AMT":"140.00","ASSESS_CASE_STATUS_CD":"Closed","sourceDate":"2000-08-28"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"1590452","VIOLATION_NO":"7564011","ISSUE_DT":"08/28/2000","CFR_STANDARD_CD":"77.1607(i)","SIG_SUB_IND":"N","CITATION_TYPE_CD":"Citation","PROPOSED_PENALTY_AMT":"55.00","CURRENT_ASSESSMENT_AMT":"55.00","ASSESS_CASE_STATUS_CD":"Closed","sourceDate":"2000-08-28"}]},{"id":"msha-coal-dust-samples","name":"Coal Dust Samples","domains":["health","safety"],"products":["respirable dust trends","CPDM coverage","void patterns","occupation exposure"],"rowCount":29,"firstDate":"2000-01-26","lastDate":"2002-06-04","metrics":{"recentRows":0,"cpdmSamples":0,"voidSamples":1,"validSamples":28,"maxConcentration":0.781,"concentrationTotal":7.235},"periods":{},"recentRecords":[{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"1249923","CASS_NUM":"57399116","SMP_TAKEN_DT":"6/4/2002","CONC":".073","SMP_TYPE_CD_DESC":"NONDESIGNATED WORK POSITION","SMP_USE_CD_DESC":"NOT USED ON INSPECTOR SAMPLES; NOT FOUND ON OPERATOR SAMPLE","VOID_CD_DESC":"SAMPLE NOT VOIDED","OCC_CD_DESC":"BULLDOZER OPERATOR","DEVICE_TYPE_CD":"CMDPSU","sourceDate":"2002-06-04"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"1046507","CASS_NUM":"57399154","SMP_TAKEN_DT":"6/4/2002","CONC":".017","SMP_TYPE_CD_DESC":"NONDESIGNATED WORK POSITION","SMP_USE_CD_DESC":"NOT USED ON INSPECTOR SAMPLES; NOT FOUND ON OPERATOR SAMPLE","VOID_CD_DESC":"SAMPLE NOT VOIDED","OCC_CD_DESC":"HIGHLIFT OPERATOR/FRONT END LOADER","DEVICE_TYPE_CD":"CMDPSU","sourceDate":"2002-06-04"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"1017220","CASS_NUM":"57399118","SMP_TAKEN_DT":"6/4/2002","CONC":".666","SMP_TYPE_CD_DESC":"NONDESIGNATED WORK POSITION","SMP_USE_CD_DESC":"NOT USED ON INSPECTOR SAMPLES; NOT FOUND ON OPERATOR SAMPLE","VOID_CD_DESC":"SAMPLE NOT VOIDED","OCC_CD_DESC":"BLASTER/SHOOTER/SHOTFIRER","DEVICE_TYPE_CD":"CMDPSU","sourceDate":"2002-06-04"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"848197","CASS_NUM":"57399120","SMP_TAKEN_DT":"6/4/2002","CONC":".112","SMP_TYPE_CD_DESC":"NONDESIGNATED WORK POSITION","SMP_USE_CD_DESC":"NOT USED ON INSPECTOR SAMPLES; NOT FOUND ON OPERATOR SAMPLE","VOID_CD_DESC":"SAMPLE NOT VOIDED","OCC_CD_DESC":"COAL TRUCK DRIVER","DEVICE_TYPE_CD":"CMDPSU","sourceDate":"2002-06-04"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"587841","CASS_NUM":"57399124","SMP_TAKEN_DT":"6/4/2002","CONC":".135","SMP_TYPE_CD_DESC":"NONDESIGNATED WORK POSITION","SMP_USE_CD_DESC":"NOT USED ON INSPECTOR SAMPLES; NOT FOUND ON OPERATOR SAMPLE","VOID_CD_DESC":"SAMPLE NOT VOIDED","OCC_CD_DESC":"HIGHWALL DRILL OPERATOR","DEVICE_TYPE_CD":"CMDPSU","sourceDate":"2002-06-04"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"1490593","CASS_NUM":"57350124","SMP_TAKEN_DT":"9/25/2001","CONC":".191","SMP_TYPE_CD_DESC":"NONDESIGNATED WORK POSITION","SMP_USE_CD_DESC":"NOT USED ON INSPECTOR SAMPLES; NOT FOUND ON OPERATOR SAMPLE","VOID_CD_DESC":"SAMPLE NOT VOIDED","OCC_CD_DESC":"BULLDOZER OPERATOR","DEVICE_TYPE_CD":"CMDPSU","sourceDate":"2001-09-25"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"1412281","CASS_NUM":"57350136","SMP_TAKEN_DT":"9/25/2001","CONC":".253","SMP_TYPE_CD_DESC":"NONDESIGNATED WORK POSITION","SMP_USE_CD_DESC":"NOT USED ON INSPECTOR SAMPLES; NOT FOUND ON OPERATOR SAMPLE","VOID_CD_DESC":"SAMPLE NOT VOIDED","OCC_CD_DESC":"COAL TRUCK DRIVER","DEVICE_TYPE_CD":"CMDPSU","sourceDate":"2001-09-25"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"1392138","CASS_NUM":"57350093","SMP_TAKEN_DT":"9/25/2001","CONC":"0","SMP_TYPE_CD_DESC":"NONDESIGNATED WORK POSITION","SMP_USE_CD_DESC":"NOT USED ON INSPECTOR SAMPLES; NOT FOUND ON OPERATOR SAMPLE","VOID_CD_DESC":"SAMPLE NOT VOIDED","OCC_CD_DESC":"HIGHLIFT OPERATOR/FRONT END LOADER","DEVICE_TYPE_CD":"CMDPSU","sourceDate":"2001-09-25"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"1176217","CASS_NUM":"57350079","SMP_TAKEN_DT":"9/25/2001","CONC":".086","SMP_TYPE_CD_DESC":"NONDESIGNATED WORK POSITION","SMP_USE_CD_DESC":"NOT USED ON INSPECTOR SAMPLES; NOT FOUND ON OPERATOR SAMPLE","VOID_CD_DESC":"SAMPLE NOT VOIDED","OCC_CD_DESC":"HIGHWALL DRILL OPERATOR","DEVICE_TYPE_CD":"CMDPSU","sourceDate":"2001-09-25"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"93729","CASS_NUM":"57350077","SMP_TAKEN_DT":"9/25/2001","CONC":".352","SMP_TYPE_CD_DESC":"NONDESIGNATED WORK POSITION","SMP_USE_CD_DESC":"NOT USED ON INSPECTOR SAMPLES; NOT FOUND ON OPERATOR SAMPLE","VOID_CD_DESC":"SAMPLE NOT VOIDED","OCC_CD_DESC":"BLASTER/SHOOTER/SHOTFIRER","DEVICE_TYPE_CD":"CMDPSU","sourceDate":"2001-09-25"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"1546261","CASS_NUM":"57298765","SMP_TAKEN_DT":"7/31/2001","CONC":".233","SMP_TYPE_CD_DESC":"NONDESIGNATED WORK POSITION","SMP_USE_CD_DESC":"NOT USED ON INSPECTOR SAMPLES; NOT FOUND ON OPERATOR SAMPLE","VOID_CD_DESC":"SAMPLE NOT VOIDED","OCC_CD_DESC":"COAL TRUCK DRIVER","DEVICE_TYPE_CD":"CMDPSU","sourceDate":"2001-07-31"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"1259336","CASS_NUM":"57298787","SMP_TAKEN_DT":"7/31/2001","CONC":".257","SMP_TYPE_CD_DESC":"NONDESIGNATED WORK POSITION","SMP_USE_CD_DESC":"NOT USED ON INSPECTOR SAMPLES; NOT FOUND ON OPERATOR SAMPLE","VOID_CD_DESC":"SAMPLE NOT VOIDED","OCC_CD_DESC":"HIGHWALL DRILL OPERATOR","DEVICE_TYPE_CD":"CMDPSU","sourceDate":"2001-07-31"}]},{"id":"msha-controller-operator-history","name":"Controller and Operator History","domains":["identity","compliance"],"products":["historical ownership attribution","operator transitions","valid-time joins"],"rowCount":1,"firstDate":"1992-05-01","lastDate":"1992-05-01","metrics":{"recentRows":0,"currentOperatorTenures":1,"completedOperatorTenures":0},"periods":{},"recentRecords":[]},{"id":"msha-inspections","name":"Inspections","domains":["safety","compliance"],"products":["inspection mix","on-site hours","event context","citation rate denominator"],"rowCount":21,"firstDate":"2000-01-06","lastDate":"2002-12-10","metrics":{"inspectors":22,"recentRows":0,"onSiteHours":170.75,"inspectionHours":255.75,"inspectionSamples":0},"periods":{},"recentRecords":[{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"199701","EVENT_NO":"6049468","INSPECTION_BEGIN_DT":"12/10/2002","INSPECTION_END_DT":"12/10/2002","ACTIVITY_CODE":"AAA","ACTIVITY":"Regular Inspection","NBR_INSPECTOR":"1","SUM_TOTAL_INSP_HOURS":"3","SUM_TOTAL_ON_SITE_HOURS":"2","sourceDate":"2002-12-10"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"847392","EVENT_NO":"6050513","INSPECTION_BEGIN_DT":"06/12/2002","INSPECTION_END_DT":"06/12/2002","ACTIVITY_CODE":"CDB","ACTIVITY":"ACCIDENT PREVENTION SPOT INSPECTION","NBR_INSPECTOR":"1","SUM_TOTAL_INSP_HOURS":"4","SUM_TOTAL_ON_SITE_HOURS":"2","sourceDate":"2002-06-12"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"145799","EVENT_NO":"6052232","INSPECTION_BEGIN_DT":"06/04/2002","INSPECTION_END_DT":"06/04/2002","ACTIVITY_CODE":"BAF","ACTIVITY":"RESP DUST TECH INSP - SURFACE MINES","NBR_INSPECTOR":"1","SUM_TOTAL_INSP_HOURS":"11.5","SUM_TOTAL_ON_SITE_HOURS":"8.5","sourceDate":"2002-06-04"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"262887","EVENT_NO":"6051970","INSPECTION_BEGIN_DT":"04/16/2002","INSPECTION_END_DT":"07/30/2002","ACTIVITY_CODE":"AAA","ACTIVITY":"Regular Inspection","NBR_INSPECTOR":"1","SUM_TOTAL_INSP_HOURS":"11.5","SUM_TOTAL_ON_SITE_HOURS":"8.5","sourceDate":"2002-04-16"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"1157295","EVENT_NO":"6052201","INSPECTION_BEGIN_DT":"02/13/2002","INSPECTION_END_DT":"02/13/2002","ACTIVITY_CODE":"CDB","ACTIVITY":"ACCIDENT PREVENTION SPOT INSPECTION","NBR_INSPECTOR":"1","SUM_TOTAL_INSP_HOURS":"3","SUM_TOTAL_ON_SITE_HOURS":"2","sourceDate":"2002-02-13"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"756823","EVENT_NO":"6052036","INSPECTION_BEGIN_DT":"11/08/2001","INSPECTION_END_DT":"12/11/2001","ACTIVITY_CODE":"CDB","ACTIVITY":"ACCIDENT PREVENTION SPOT INSPECTION","NBR_INSPECTOR":"1","SUM_TOTAL_INSP_HOURS":"4","SUM_TOTAL_ON_SITE_HOURS":"4","sourceDate":"2001-11-08"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"636211","EVENT_NO":"6051899","INSPECTION_BEGIN_DT":"10/02/2001","INSPECTION_END_DT":"03/04/2002","ACTIVITY_CODE":"AAA","ACTIVITY":"Regular Inspection","NBR_INSPECTOR":"1","SUM_TOTAL_INSP_HOURS":"47.5","SUM_TOTAL_ON_SITE_HOURS":"30","sourceDate":"2001-10-02"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"117583","EVENT_NO":"6054414","INSPECTION_BEGIN_DT":"09/17/2001","INSPECTION_END_DT":"09/18/2001","ACTIVITY_CODE":"AAA","ACTIVITY":"Regular Inspection","NBR_INSPECTOR":"1","SUM_TOTAL_INSP_HOURS":"19.5","SUM_TOTAL_ON_SITE_HOURS":"10.5","sourceDate":"2001-09-17"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"426745","EVENT_NO":"6003343","INSPECTION_BEGIN_DT":"07/31/2001","INSPECTION_END_DT":"09/25/2001","ACTIVITY_CODE":"BAF","ACTIVITY":"RESP DUST TECH INSP - SURFACE MINES","NBR_INSPECTOR":"1","SUM_TOTAL_INSP_HOURS":"25","SUM_TOTAL_ON_SITE_HOURS":"18.5","sourceDate":"2001-07-31"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"306966","EVENT_NO":"6054229","INSPECTION_BEGIN_DT":"06/19/2001","INSPECTION_END_DT":"06/19/2001","ACTIVITY_CODE":"CBC","ACTIVITY":"ELECTRICAL SPOT INSPECTION","NBR_INSPECTOR":"1","SUM_TOTAL_INSP_HOURS":"3.5","SUM_TOTAL_ON_SITE_HOURS":"2","sourceDate":"2001-06-19"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"341231","EVENT_NO":"6051877","INSPECTION_BEGIN_DT":"04/24/2001","INSPECTION_END_DT":"04/25/2001","ACTIVITY_CODE":"CDB","ACTIVITY":"ACCIDENT PREVENTION SPOT INSPECTION","NBR_INSPECTOR":"1","SUM_TOTAL_INSP_HOURS":"6","SUM_TOTAL_ON_SITE_HOURS":"4","sourceDate":"2001-04-24"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"960819","EVENT_NO":"6051619","INSPECTION_BEGIN_DT":"02/14/2001","INSPECTION_END_DT":"02/21/2001","ACTIVITY_CODE":"AAA","ACTIVITY":"Regular Inspection","NBR_INSPECTOR":"1","SUM_TOTAL_INSP_HOURS":"17.25","SUM_TOTAL_ON_SITE_HOURS":"13.25","sourceDate":"2001-02-14"}]},{"id":"msha-mine-production-quarterly","name":"Mine Employment and Production — Quarterly","domains":["production","safety","compliance"],"products":["production trend","employee hours","rate denominators","seasonality"],"rowCount":24,"firstDate":null,"lastDate":null,"metrics":{},"periods":{"2002-Q4":{"hours":8112,"employees":22,"production":42243},"2002-Q3":{"hours":20592,"employees":36,"production":126742},"2002-Q2":{"hours":20926,"employees":37,"production":123084},"2002-Q1":{"hours":23242,"employees":46,"production":137023},"2001-Q4":{"hours":31577,"employees":49,"production":153295},"2001-Q3":{"hours":31567,"employees":49,"production":150857},"2001-Q2":{"hours":27050,"employees":49,"production":176566},"2001-Q1":{"hours":26273,"employees":49,"production":198616},"2000-Q4":{"hours":34135,"employees":52,"production":170016},"2000-Q3":{"hours":31163,"employees":55,"production":219909},"2000-Q2":{"hours":26696,"employees":49,"production":192562},"2000-Q1":{"hours":22034,"employees":43,"production":185352}},"recentRecords":[]},{"id":"msha-mine-production-yearly","name":"Mine Employment and Production — Yearly","domains":["production","safety","compliance"],"products":["annual trend","backfill","quarterly reconciliation"],"rowCount":6,"firstDate":null,"lastDate":null,"metrics":{},"periods":{"2000":{"hours":114028,"employees":50,"production":767839},"2001":{"hours":116467,"employees":49,"production":679334},"2002":{"hours":72872,"employees":36,"production":429092}},"recentRecords":[]},{"id":"msha-mines","name":"Mines","domains":["identity","production","logistics"],"products":["mine identity","status","commodity","location","operator and controller"],"rowCount":1,"firstDate":null,"lastDate":null,"metrics":{},"periods":{},"recentRecords":[]},{"id":"msha-noise-samples","name":"Noise Samples","domains":["health","safety","equipment"],"products":["hearing exposure","machine and manufacturer patterns","occupation coverage"],"rowCount":4,"firstDate":"2000-03-15","lastDate":"2000-03-15","metrics":{"recentRows":0,"doseOver100":2,"actDoseTotal":401,"pelDoseTotal":226},"periods":{},"recentRecords":[{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"29579","EVENT_NO":"6051470","SURVEY_DATE":"03/15/2000","OCCUPATION_CD_DESC":"BLASTER/SHOOTER/SHOTFIRER","MACHINE_CD":"41","MANUFACTURER_CD":"120","ACT_DOSE_85":"114","PEL_DOSE_90":"79","SURVEY_TYPE":"I","sourceDate":"2000-03-15"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"29578","EVENT_NO":"6051470","SURVEY_DATE":"03/15/2000","OCCUPATION_CD_DESC":"BLASTER/SHOOTER/SHOTFIRER","MACHINE_CD":"41","MANUFACTURER_CD":"120","ACT_DOSE_85":"71","PEL_DOSE_90":"32","SURVEY_TYPE":"I","sourceDate":"2000-03-15"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"29577","EVENT_NO":"6051470","SURVEY_DATE":"03/15/2000","OCCUPATION_CD_DESC":"HIGHWALL DRILL OPERATOR","MACHINE_CD":"21","MANUFACTURER_CD":"120","ACT_DOSE_85":"100","PEL_DOSE_90":"49","SURVEY_TYPE":"I","sourceDate":"2000-03-15"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"29576","EVENT_NO":"6051470","SURVEY_DATE":"03/15/2000","OCCUPATION_CD_DESC":"HIGHLIFT OPERATOR/FRONT END LOADER","MACHINE_CD":"18","MANUFACTURER_CD":"018","ACT_DOSE_85":"116","PEL_DOSE_90":"66","SURVEY_TYPE":"I","sourceDate":"2000-03-15"}]},{"id":"msha-quartz-samples","name":"Quartz Samples — Coal","domains":["health","safety"],"products":["quartz exposure trends","occupation context","applicable-rule linkage"],"rowCount":1,"firstDate":"2002-06-04","lastDate":"2002-06-04","metrics":{"recentRows":0,"voidSamples":0,"maxQuartzPct":4.1,"validSamples":1,"quartzPctTotal":4.1},"periods":{},"recentRecords":[{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"89930","CASSETTE_NO":"57399118","SAMPLE_DT":"06/04/2002","QUARTZ_PCT":"04.1","OCC_CODE_DESC":"BLASTER/SHOOTER/SHOTFIRER","SAMPLE_TYPE_DESC":"DESIGNATED WORK POSITION","VOID_CD_DESC":"SAMPLE NOT VOIDED","sourceDate":"2002-06-04"}]},{"id":"msha-violations","name":"Violations","domains":["compliance","safety","legal"],"products":["citation and order record","condition text","Title 30 linkage","abatement patterns"],"rowCount":12,"firstDate":"2000-08-28","lastDate":"2002-06-12","metrics":{"ss":7,"amountDue":1529,"contested":0,"amountPaid":1529,"recentRows":0,"section104d":0,"unterminated":0,"proposedPenalty":1529},"periods":{},"recentRecords":[{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"599694","VIOLATION_NO":"7566362","VIOLATION_ISSUE_DT":"06/12/2002","SIG_SUB":"Y","PART_SECTION":"77.1302(a)","CIT_ORD_SAFE":"Citation","LIKELIHOOD":"Reasonably","INJ_ILLNESS":"Permanent","NO_AFFECTED":"1","NEGLIGENCE":"ModNegligence","TERMINATION_DT":"06/12/2002","PROPOSED_PENALTY":"207","AMOUNT_DUE":"207","AMOUNT_PAID":"207","CONTESTED_IND":"N","sourceDate":"2002-06-12"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"599693","VIOLATION_NO":"7566361","VIOLATION_ISSUE_DT":"06/12/2002","SIG_SUB":"Y","PART_SECTION":"72.620","CIT_ORD_SAFE":"Citation","LIKELIHOOD":"Reasonably","INJ_ILLNESS":"Permanent","NO_AFFECTED":"1","NEGLIGENCE":"ModNegligence","TERMINATION_DT":"06/12/2002","PROPOSED_PENALTY":"207","AMOUNT_DUE":"207","AMOUNT_PAID":"207","CONTESTED_IND":"N","sourceDate":"2002-06-12"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"599700","VIOLATION_NO":"7564854","VIOLATION_ISSUE_DT":"11/08/2001","SIG_SUB":"N","PART_SECTION":"77.410(c)","CIT_ORD_SAFE":"Citation","LIKELIHOOD":"Unlikely","INJ_ILLNESS":"LostDays","NO_AFFECTED":"1","NEGLIGENCE":"ModNegligence","TERMINATION_DT":"12/10/2001","PROPOSED_PENALTY":"55","AMOUNT_DUE":"55","AMOUNT_PAID":"55","CONTESTED_IND":"N","sourceDate":"2001-11-08"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"599699","VIOLATION_NO":"7574481","VIOLATION_ISSUE_DT":"09/18/2001","SIG_SUB":"Y","PART_SECTION":"77.1303(g)","CIT_ORD_SAFE":"Citation","LIKELIHOOD":"Reasonably","INJ_ILLNESS":"Permanent","NO_AFFECTED":"3","NEGLIGENCE":"ModNegligence","TERMINATION_DT":"09/18/2001","PROPOSED_PENALTY":"224","AMOUNT_DUE":"224","AMOUNT_PAID":"224","CONTESTED_IND":"N","sourceDate":"2001-09-18"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"599698","VIOLATION_NO":"7574480","VIOLATION_ISSUE_DT":"09/17/2001","SIG_SUB":"N","PART_SECTION":"77.410(c)","CIT_ORD_SAFE":"Citation","LIKELIHOOD":"Unlikely","INJ_ILLNESS":"LostDays","NO_AFFECTED":"1","NEGLIGENCE":"ModNegligence","TERMINATION_DT":"09/18/2001","PROPOSED_PENALTY":"55","AMOUNT_DUE":"55","AMOUNT_PAID":"55","CONTESTED_IND":"N","sourceDate":"2001-09-17"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"599692","VIOLATION_NO":"7564264","VIOLATION_ISSUE_DT":"02/20/2001","SIG_SUB":"N","PART_SECTION":"77.1104","CIT_ORD_SAFE":"Citation","LIKELIHOOD":"Unlikely","INJ_ILLNESS":"LostDays","NO_AFFECTED":"1","NEGLIGENCE":"ModNegligence","TERMINATION_DT":"02/21/2001","PROPOSED_PENALTY":"55","AMOUNT_DUE":"55","AMOUNT_PAID":"55","CONTESTED_IND":"N","sourceDate":"2001-02-20"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"599691","VIOLATION_NO":"7564263","VIOLATION_ISSUE_DT":"02/20/2001","SIG_SUB":"Y","PART_SECTION":"72.620","CIT_ORD_SAFE":"Citation","LIKELIHOOD":"Reasonably","INJ_ILLNESS":"Permanent","NO_AFFECTED":"2","NEGLIGENCE":"ModNegligence","TERMINATION_DT":"02/21/2001","PROPOSED_PENALTY":"196","AMOUNT_DUE":"196","AMOUNT_PAID":"196","CONTESTED_IND":"N","sourceDate":"2001-02-20"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"599690","VIOLATION_NO":"7564258","VIOLATION_ISSUE_DT":"02/14/2001","SIG_SUB":"Y","PART_SECTION":"77.1104","CIT_ORD_SAFE":"Citation","LIKELIHOOD":"Reasonably","INJ_ILLNESS":"LostDays","NO_AFFECTED":"1","NEGLIGENCE":"ModNegligence","TERMINATION_DT":"02/15/2001","PROPOSED_PENALTY":"140","AMOUNT_DUE":"140","AMOUNT_PAID":"140","CONTESTED_IND":"N","sourceDate":"2001-02-14"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"599689","VIOLATION_NO":"7564257","VIOLATION_ISSUE_DT":"02/14/2001","SIG_SUB":"Y","PART_SECTION":"77.404(a)","CIT_ORD_SAFE":"Citation","LIKELIHOOD":"Reasonably","INJ_ILLNESS":"LostDays","NO_AFFECTED":"1","NEGLIGENCE":"ModNegligence","TERMINATION_DT":"02/15/2001","PROPOSED_PENALTY":"140","AMOUNT_DUE":"140","AMOUNT_PAID":"140","CONTESTED_IND":"N","sourceDate":"2001-02-14"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"599697","VIOLATION_NO":"7564013","VIOLATION_ISSUE_DT":"08/29/2000","SIG_SUB":"N","PART_SECTION":"77.410(c)","CIT_ORD_SAFE":"Citation","LIKELIHOOD":"Unlikely","INJ_ILLNESS":"LostDays","NO_AFFECTED":"1","NEGLIGENCE":"LowNegligence","TERMINATION_DT":"08/29/2000","PROPOSED_PENALTY":"55","AMOUNT_DUE":"55","AMOUNT_PAID":"55","CONTESTED_IND":"N","sourceDate":"2000-08-29"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"599696","VIOLATION_NO":"7564012","VIOLATION_ISSUE_DT":"08/28/2000","SIG_SUB":"Y","PART_SECTION":"77.1004(b)","CIT_ORD_SAFE":"Citation","LIKELIHOOD":"Reasonably","INJ_ILLNESS":"LostDays","NO_AFFECTED":"1","NEGLIGENCE":"ModNegligence","TERMINATION_DT":"08/28/2000","PROPOSED_PENALTY":"140","AMOUNT_DUE":"140","AMOUNT_PAID":"140","CONTESTED_IND":"N","sourceDate":"2000-08-28"},{"SOURCE_ROW_NUMBER":"599695","VIOLATION_NO":"7564011","VIOLATION_ISSUE_DT":"08/28/2000","SIG_SUB":"N","PART_SECTION":"77.1607(i)","CIT_ORD_SAFE":"Citation","LIKELIHOOD":"Unlikely","INJ_ILLNESS":"LostDays","NO_AFFECTED":"2","NEGLIGENCE":"ModNegligence","TERMINATION_DT":"08/28/2000","PROPOSED_PENALTY":"55","AMOUNT_DUE":"55","AMOUNT_PAID":"55","CONTESTED_IND":"N","sourceDate":"2000-08-28"}]}],"safety":{"href":"/api/v1/mines/1202127/safety","description":"Full-period safety series, top CFR sections and paginated activity. Requires PostgreSQL."},"silica":{"href":"/api/v1/mines/1202127/silica","description":"Dedicated silica records, measurements, sample status and trends. Defaults to the snapshot year; use year=all for history."},"externalContext":{"eia":null,"title30":{"snapshot":{"chapterCount":6,"featuredSectionCount":100,"latestAmendedOn":"2026-08-14","latestIssueDate":"2026-08-14","partCount":206,"sectionCount":5954,"upToDateAsOf":"2026-08-19"},"regulations":[{"chapter":"I","heading":"Vehicles used to transport explosives.","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-N/section-77.1302","part":"77","subchapter":"O","subpart":"N","id":"77.1302","citation":"30 CFR 77.1302","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","partHeading":"PART 77—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS, SURFACE COAL MINES AND SURFACE WORK AREAS OF UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subpartHeading":"","text":null,"occurrenceCount":1},{"chapter":"I","heading":"Drill dust control at surface mines and surface areas of underground mines.","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-72/subpart-E/section-72.620","part":"72","subchapter":"O","subpart":"E","id":"72.620","citation":"30 CFR 72.620","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","partHeading":"PART 72—HEALTH STANDARDS FOR COAL MINES","subpartHeading":"","text":null,"occurrenceCount":2},{"chapter":"I","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","citation":"30 CFR 77.410","heading":"Mobile equipment; automatic warning devices.","id":"77.410","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-E/section-77.410","part":"77","partHeading":"PART 77—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS, SURFACE COAL MINES AND SURFACE WORK AREAS OF UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subchapter":"O","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","subpart":"E","subpartHeading":"Subpart E—Safeguards for Mechanical Equipment","text":"(a) Mobile equipment such as front-end loaders, forklifts, tractors, graders, and trucks, except pickup trucks with an unobstructed rear view, shall be equipped with a warning device that—\n\n(1) Gives an audible alarm when the equipment is put in reverse; or\n\n(2) Uses infrared light, ultrasonic waves, radar, or other effective devices to detect objects or persons at the rear of the equipment, and sounds an audible alarm when a person or object is detected. This type of discriminating warning device shall—\n\n(i) Have a sensing area of a sufficient size that would allow endangered persons adequate time to get out of the danger zone.\n\n(ii) Give audible and visual alarms inside the operator's compartment and an audible alarm outside of the operator's compartment when a person or object is detected in the sensing area; and\n\n(iii) When the equipment is put in reverse, activate and give a one-time audible and visual alarm inside the operator's compartment and a one-time audible alarm outside the operator's compartment.\n\n(b) Alarms shall be audible above the surrounding noise levels.\n\n(c) Warning devices shall be maintained in functional condition.\n\n(d) An automatic reverse-activated strobe light may be substituted for an audible alarm when mobile equipment is operated at night.\n\n[54 FR 30517, July 20, 1989]","occurrenceCount":3},{"chapter":"I","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","citation":"30 CFR 77.1303","heading":"Explosives, handling and use.","id":"77.1303","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-N/section-77.1303","part":"77","partHeading":"PART 77—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS, SURFACE COAL MINES AND SURFACE WORK AREAS OF UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subchapter":"O","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","subpart":"N","subpartHeading":"Subpart N—Explosives and Blasting","text":"(a) Persons who use or handle explosives or detonators shall be experienced men who understand the hazards involved; trainees shall do such work only under the supervision of and in the immediate presence of experienced men.\n\n(b) Blasting operations shall be under the direct control of authorized persons.\n\n(c) Substantial nonconductive closed containers shall be used to carry explosives, other than blasting agents to the blasting site.\n\n(d) Damaged or deteriorated explosives or detonators shall be destroyed in a safe manner.\n\n(e) Where electric blasting is to be performed, electric circuits to equipment in the immediate area to be blasted shall be deenergized before explosives or detonators are brought into the area; the power shall not be turned on again until after the shots are fired.\n\n(f) Explosives shall be kept separated from detonators until charging is started.\n\n(g) Areas in which charged holes are awaiting firing shall be guarded, or barricaded and posted, or flagged against unauthorized entry.\n\n(h) Ample warning shall be given before blasts are fired. All persons shall be cleared and removed from the blasting area unless suitable blasting shelters are provided to protect men endangered by concussion or flyrock from blasting.\n\n(i) Lead wires and blasting lines shall not be strung across power conductors, pipelines, railroad tracks, or within 20 feet of bare powerlines. They shall be protected from sources of static or other electrical contact.\n\n(j) For the protection of underground workers, special precautions shall be taken when blasting in close proximity to underground operations, and no blasting shall be done that would be hazardous to persons working underground.\n\n(k) Holes shall not be drilled where there is danger of intersecting a charged or misfired hole.\n\n(l) Only wooden or other nonsparking implements shall be used to punch holes in an explosive cartridge.\n\n(m) Tamping poles shall be blunt and squared at one end and made of wood, nonsparking material, or of special plastic acceptable to the Mine Safety and Health Administration.\n\n(n) Delay connectors for firing detonating cord shall be treated and handled with the same safety precautions as blasting caps and electric detonators.\n\n(o) Capped primers shall be made up at the time of charging and as close to the blasting site as conditions allow.\n\n(p) A capped primer shall be prepared so that the detonator is contained securely and is completely embedded within the explosive cartridge.\n\n(q) No tamping shall be done directly on a capped primer.\n\n(r) Detonating cord shall not be used if it has been kinked, bent, or otherwise handled in such a manner that the train of detonation may be interrupted.\n\n(s) Fuse shall not be used if it has been kinked, bent sharply, or handled roughly in such a manner that the train of deflagration may be interrupted.\n\n(t) Blasting caps shall be crimped to fuses only with implements designed for that specific purpose.\n\n(u) When firing from 1 to 15 blast-holes with safety fuse ignited individually using hand-held lighters, the fuses shall be of such lengths to provide the minimum burning time specified in the following table for a particular size round:\n\nNumber of holes in a round Minimum burning time, minutes 1 2 2 to 5 22⁄3 6 to 10 31⁄3 11 to 15 5\n\nIn no case shall any 40-second-per-foot safety fuse less than 36 inches long or any 30-second-per-foot safety fuse less than 48 inches long be used.\n\n(v) The burning rate of the safety fuse in use at any time shall be measured, posted in conspicuous locations, and brought to the attention of all men concerned with blasting.\n\n(w) Electric detonators of different brands shall not be used in the same round.\n\n(x) Adequate priming shall be employed to guard against misfires, increased toxic fumes, and poor performance.\n\n(y) Except when being tested with a blasting galvanometer:\n\n(1) Electric detonators shall be kept shunted until they are being connected to the blasting line or wired into a blasting round.\n\n(2) Wired rounds shall be kept shunted until they are being connected to the blasting line.\n\n(3) Blasting lines shall be kept shunted until immediately before blasting.\n\n(z) Completely wired rounds shall be tested with a blasting galvanometer before connections are made to the blasting line.\n\n(aa) Permanent blasting lines shall be properly supported, insulated, and kept in good repair.\n\n(bb) At least a 5-foot airgap shall be provided between the blasting circuit and the power circuit.\n\n(cc) When instantaneous blasting is performed, the double-trunkline or loop system shall be used in detonating-cord blasting.\n\n(dd) When instantaneous blasting is performed, trunklines, in multiple-row blasts, shall make one or more complete loops, with crossties between loops at intervals of not over 200 feet.\n\n(ee) All detonating cord knots shall be tight and all connections shall be kept at right angles to the trunklines.\n\n(ff) Power sources shall be suitable for the number of electrical detonators to be fired and for the type of circuits used.\n\n(gg) Electric circuits from the blasting switches to the blast area shall not be grounded.\n\n(hh) Safety switches and blasting switches shall be labeled, encased in boxes, and arranged so that the covers of the boxes cannot be closed with the switches in the through-circuit or firing position.\n\n(ii) Blasting switches shall be locked in the open position, except when closed to fire the blast. Lead wires shall not be connected to the blasting switch until the shot is ready to be fired.\n\n(jj) The key or other control to an electrical firing device shall be entrusted only to the person designated to fire the round or rounds.\n\n(kk) If branch circuits are used when blasts are fired from power circuits, safety switches located at safe distances from the blast areas shall be provided in addition to the main blasting switch.\n\n(ll) Misfires shall be reported to the proper supervisor and shall be disposed of safely before any other work is performed in that blasting area.\n\n(mm) When safety fuse has been used, men shall not return to misfired holes for at least 30 minutes.\n\n(nn) When electric blasting caps have been used, men shall not return to misfired holes for at least 15 minutes.\n\n(oo) If explosives are suspected of burning in a hole, all persons in the endangered area shall move to a safe location and no one should return to the hole until the danger has passed, but in no case within 1 hour.\n\n(pp) Blasted areas shall be examined for undetonated explosives after each blast and undetonated explosives found shall be disposed of safely.\n\n(qq) Blasted areas shall not be reentered by any person after firing until such time as concentrations of smoke, dust, or fumes have been reduced to safe limits.\n\n(rr) In secondary blasting, if more than one shot is to be fired at one time, blasting shall be done electrically or with detonating cord.\n\n(ss) Unused explosives and detonators shall be moved to a safe location as soon as charging operations are completed.\n\n(tt) When electric detonators are used, charging shall be stopped immediately when the presence of static electricity or stray currents is detected; the condition shall be remedied before charging is resumed.\n\n(uu) When electric detonators are used, charging shall be suspended and men withdrawn to a safe location upon the approach of an electrical storm.","occurrenceCount":1},{"chapter":"I","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","citation":"30 CFR 77.1104","heading":"Accumulations of combustible materials.","id":"77.1104","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-L/section-77.1104","part":"77","partHeading":"PART 77—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS, SURFACE COAL MINES AND SURFACE WORK AREAS OF UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subchapter":"O","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","subpart":"L","subpartHeading":"Subpart L—Fire Protection","text":"Combustible materials, grease, lubricants, paints, or flammable liquids shall not be allowed to accumulate where they can create a fire hazard.","occurrenceCount":2},{"chapter":"I","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","citation":"30 CFR 77.404","heading":"Machinery and equipment; operation and maintenance.","id":"77.404","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-E/section-77.404","part":"77","partHeading":"PART 77—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS, SURFACE COAL MINES AND SURFACE WORK AREAS OF UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subchapter":"O","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","subpart":"E","subpartHeading":"Subpart E—Safeguards for Mechanical Equipment","text":"(a) Mobile and stationary machinery and equipment shall be maintained in safe operating condition and machinery or equipment in unsafe condition shall be removed from service immediately.\n\n(b) Machinery and equipment shall be operated only by persons trained in the use of and authorized to operate such machinery or equipment.\n\n(c) Repairs or maintenance shall not be performed on machinery until the power is off and the machinery is blocked against motion, except where machinery motion is necessary to make adjustments.\n\n(d) Machinery shall not be lubricated while in motion where a hazard exists, unless equipped with extended fittings or cups.","occurrenceCount":1},{"chapter":"I","heading":"Ground control; inspection and maintenance; general.","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-K/section-77.1004","part":"77","subchapter":"O","subpart":"K","id":"77.1004","citation":"30 CFR 77.1004","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","partHeading":"PART 77—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS, SURFACE COAL MINES AND SURFACE WORK AREAS OF UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subpartHeading":"","text":null,"occurrenceCount":1},{"chapter":"I","chapterHeading":"CHAPTER I—MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR","citation":"30 CFR 77.1607","heading":"Loading and haulage equipment; operation.","id":"77.1607","officialUrl":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-30/chapter-I/subchapter-O/part-77/subpart-Q/section-77.1607","part":"77","partHeading":"PART 77—MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS, SURFACE COAL MINES AND SURFACE WORK AREAS OF UNDERGROUND COAL MINES","subchapter":"O","subchapterHeading":"SUBCHAPTER O—COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH","subpart":"Q","subpartHeading":"Subpart Q—Loading and Haulage","text":"(a) Vehicles shall follow at a safe distance; passing shall be limited to areas of adequate clearance and visibility.\n\n(b) Mobile equipment operators shall have full control of the equipment while it is in motion.\n\n(c) Equipment operating speeds shall be prudent and consistent with conditions of roadway, grades, clearance, visibility, traffic, and the type of equipment used.\n\n(d) Cabs of mobile equipment shall be kept free of extraneous materials.\n\n(e) Operators shall sit facing the direction of travel while operating equipment with dual controls.\n\n(f) When an equipment operator is present, men shall notify him before getting on or off equipment.\n\n(g) Equipment operators shall be certain, by signal or other means, that all persons are clear before starting or moving equipment.\n\n(h) Where possible, aerial tramways shall not be started until the tramway operator has ascertained that everyone is in the clear.\n\n(i) Dust control measures shall be taken where dust significantly reduces visibility of equipment operators.\n\n(j) Dippers, buckets, loading booms, or heavy suspended loads shall not be swung over the cabs of haulage vehicles until the drivers are out of the cabs and in safe locations, unless the trucks are designed specifically to protect the drivers from falling material.\n\n(k) Men shall not work or pass under the buckets or booms of loaders in operation.\n\n(l) Tires shall be deflated before repairs on them are started and adequate means shall be provided to prevent wheel locking rims from creating a hazard during tire inflation.\n\n(m) Electrically powered mobile equipment shall not be left unattended unless the master switch is in the off position, all operating controls are in the neutral position, and the brakes are set or other equivalent precautions are taken against rolling.\n\n(n) Mobile equipment shall not be left unattended unless the brakes are set. The wheels shall be turned into a bank or berm, or shall be blocked, when such equipment is parked on a grade.\n\n(o) Lights, flares, or other warning devices shall be posted when parked equipment creates a hazard to vehicular traffic.\n\n(p) Dippers, buckets, scraper blades, and similar movable parts shall be secured or lowered to the ground when not in use.\n\n(q) Shovel trailing cables shall not be moved with the shovel dipper unless cable slings or sleds are used.\n\n(r) Equipment which is to be hauled shall be loaded and protected so as to prevent sliding or spillage.\n\n(s) When moving between work areas, the equipment shall be secured in the travel position.\n\n(t) Any load extending more than 4 feet beyond the rear of the vehicle body should be marked clearly with a red flag by day and a red light at night.\n\n(u) Tow bars shall be used to tow heavy equipment and a safety chain shall be used in conjunction with each tow bar.\n\n(v) Railroad cars shall be kept under control at all times by the car dropper. Cars shall be dropped at a safe rate and in a manner that will insure that the car dropper maintains a safe position while working and traveling around the cars.\n\n(w) Railroad cars shall not be coupled or uncoupled manually from the inside of curves unless the railroad and cars are so designed to eliminate any hazard from coupling or uncoupling cars from inside of curves.\n\n(x) Persons shall wear safety belts when dropping railroad cars.\n\n(y) Railcars shall not be left on sidetracks unless ample clearance is provided for traffic on adjacent tracks.\n\n(z) Parked railcars, unless held effectively by brakes, shall be blocked securely.\n\n(aa) Railroad cars and all trucks shall be trimmed properly when they have been loaded higher than the confines of their cargo space.\n\n(bb) When the entire length of a conveyor is visible from the starting switch, the operator shall visually check to make certain that all persons are in the clear before starting the conveyor. When the entire length of the conveyor is not visible from the starting switch, a positive audible or visible warning system shall be installed and operated to warn persons that the conveyor will be started.\n\n(cc) Unguarded conveyors with walkways shall be equipped with emergency stop devices or cords along their full length.\n\n(dd) Adequate backstops or brakes shall be installed on inclined-conveyor drive units to prevent conveyors from running in reverse if a hazard to personnel would be caused.\n\n(ee) Aerial tram conveyor buckets shall not be overloaded, and feed shall be regulated to prevent spillage.","occurrenceCount":1}],"fullCorpus":"/data/title30-sections.json"}}},"meta":{"representation":"json","mineId":"1202127","dataSource":"postgres","snapshotId":"2026-10-17T05:35:58.500035+00:00","completedAt":"2026-10-17T06:17:15.228Z","sourceCount":20,"totalRows":15450873}}