# Relationship history for MSHA mine 1102849

Current hierarchy: **Ronald (Gene)  Maple; Doug  Willoughby → East Side Sand & Gravel → East Side Sand & Gravel**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-18T09:31:49.615908+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Hubbard Sand & Gravel → East Side Sand & Gravel; 1986-09-01 to 1990-12-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Hubbard George H → East Side Sand & Gravel; 1986-09-01 to 1990-12-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Hubbard George H → Hubbard Sand & Gravel; 1986-09-01 to 1990-12-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** Oakley Sand & Gravel → East Side Sand & Gravel; 1991-01-01 to 2003-04-09; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Dan  Luka → East Side Sand & Gravel; 1991-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Dan  Luka → Oakley Sand & Gravel; 1991-01-01 to 2003-04-09; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **operator_operates_mine:** East Side Sand & Gravel → East Side Sand & Gravel; 2003-04-10 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Ronald (Gene)  Maple  et al → East Side Sand & Gravel; 2003-04-10 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Ronald (Gene)  Maple  et al → East Side Sand & Gravel; 2003-04-10 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Doug  Willoughby  et al → East Side Sand & Gravel; 2003-04-10 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history