# Relationship history for MSHA mine 0405226

Current hierarchy: **Bill  Colwell; Ben  Colwell → Colwell Equipment → PAUMA VALLEY MINE**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Colwell Equipment → PAUMA VALLEY MINE; 1993-11-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Bill  Colwell  et al → PAUMA VALLEY MINE; 1993-11-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Bill  Colwell  et al → Colwell Equipment; 1993-11-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Ben  Colwell  et al → Colwell Equipment; 1993-11-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history