# Relationship history for MSHA mine 0202445

Current hierarchy: **Sandra  Lowe → NORTH AMERICAN INDUSTRIES → NORTH AMERICAN INDUSTRIES**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-17T05:35:58.500035+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** NORTH AMERICAN INDUSTRIES → NORTH AMERICAN INDUSTRIES; 1988-07-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Heinz  Brung → NORTH AMERICAN INDUSTRIES; 1988-07-01 to 2006-07-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Heinz  Brung → NORTH AMERICAN INDUSTRIES; 1988-07-01 to 2006-07-31; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Sandra  Lowe → NORTH AMERICAN INDUSTRIES; 2006-08-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Sandra  Lowe → NORTH AMERICAN INDUSTRIES; 2006-08-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history