# Relationship history for MSHA mine 0103447

Current hierarchy: **Roy Douglas  Pugh; William B  Cashion → 10:16 Mining Corporation → 10:16/Roeser Mine**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** 10:16 Mining Corporation → 10:16/Roeser Mine; 2012-01-26 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Roy Douglas  Pugh et al → 10:16/Roeser Mine; 2012-01-26 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Roy Douglas  Pugh et al → 10:16 Mining Corporation; 2012-01-26 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** William B  Cashion et al → 10:16 Mining Corporation; 2012-01-26 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history