# Relationship history for MSHA mine 0101540

Current hierarchy: **Joe E  Powell → Pickens Sand & Gravel Company → Pit No 1**

- Valid-time bounds: inclusive, date granularity
- Null end: open-ended in the upstream history row; not independent proof of present control
- Transaction-time observation: 2026-10-13T11:19:05.459773+00:00

## Valid-time edges

- **operator_operates_mine:** Pickens Sand & Gravel Company → Pit No 1; 1950-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_mine:** Joe E  Powell → Pit No 1; 1950-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history
- **controller_controls_operator:** Joe E  Powell → Pickens Sand & Gravel Company; 1950-01-01 to current/open; source msha-controller-operator-history